What a holiday in the police today. Day of the Internal Affairs Officer of the Russian Federation (Police Day)
Law enforcement is one of the most in demand, but also the most thankless profession. The police, like the army, merely reflect the deep processes of society. Most people who protect our peace and health do it out of duty, without sparing themselves.
Services involved in maintaining order have existed as long as the state itself. The Russian police began its journey with the reign of Peter I. In 1715, he created a security service that monitored public order. It was at this time that the name “police” appeared.
The Ministry of Internal Affairs was created much later, under Alexander I. Its tasks included: establishing and maintaining calm, fighting deserters and fugitives, fire safety, monitoring the condition of roads, trade, and supervising shelters.
The formation of the service continued until the middle of the 19th century. First, the Ministry of Police was created. Then laws were gradually adopted that established detective departments and service departments.After the revolution, a workers' and peasants' militia was created to maintain order. It performed almost the same functions as the police. Literate citizens aged 21 and older who supported Soviet power were accepted into its ranks. They gave a subscription, which they were obliged to serve for at least six months. From this moment on, the history of the Soviet and then the Russian police begins - October 28 (November 10), 1917.
The history of the police is closely connected with the history of the country. There are many glorious and heroic pages in it. Employees fought on the fronts of the Civil and Great Patriotic Wars and fought against saboteurs and spies. The majority of personnel always celebrate their holiday at the combat post, protecting our peace.
Like the whole country, the police have experienced a lot during its existence - the cult of personality, the thaw, stagnation, perestroika, the collapse of the USSR and education Russian Federation. These are dramatic and epochal times. The chaos of the 90s affected employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs almost more than other structures of the state.
Low wages, lack of modern technical means, lack of understanding of society could not break people who selflessly serve the country and society. The police have repeatedly proven their dedication and high professionalism. Privates, sergeants and officers continuously solve everyday problems to protect the country and society from criminal activities.
Until recently, the holiday was called "Police Day". According to the Law “On Police”, the service changed its name in 2011. And before the next professional date, by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation, the name was changed to the Day of Employees of the Internal Affairs Bodies of the Russian Federation.
On November 10, they not only reward distinguished employees, but also congratulate service veterans. The holiday is always a little sad - we remember the comrades who died in the line of duty. Unfortunately, the best of us leave first, but this is another reason to serve better not for money, not for gratitude, but at the behest of duty and honor.
On November 10, we will celebrate the main holiday of the Ministry of Internal Affairs - Internal Affairs Officer Day, one of the most famous professional holidays in our country.
How is Police Day celebrated?
According to established tradition, on November 10, Police Day, a minute of silence is held in memory of officers who died in the line of duty.
Meetings are organized at which the best specialists are presented with state and departmental awards, including orders and medals, as well as certificates of honor and valuable gifts.
Promotions in ranks and positions are timed to coincide with the holiday; A ritual of “washing the stars” is arranged. Police officers wear full dress uniform.
Every year, on the Day of Internal Affairs Officer, a festive concert is broadcast on television at the State Kremlin Palace with the participation of Russian pop stars, films and television programs dedicated to police officers.
Police Day - the history of the holiday
Back in the 16th century, the so-called “labial elders” appeared in Rus', who are considered the predecessors of modern precinct commissioners. The public order service or police (from the ancient Greek ἡ πολιτεία - “state”, “city”) was founded in our country in 1715 by Peter I.
In 1802, during the reign of Alexander I, the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Empire was formed, and in 1810 the Ministry of Police was created.
This department ensured fire safety, maintained public peace, timely payment of taxes, and also was engaged in the construction and repair of roads, maintaining shelters, and exercised control over the work of medical institutions and the post office.
The service was reorganized several times, and during the years of Soviet power it changed its name.
Already in 1917, the Soviet state faced the problem of protecting citizens from criminal elements. “To protect the revolutionary public order” the Workers’ and Peasants’ Militia was created (from the Latin militia – “military”, “service”, “campaign”).
It accepted citizens who had reached the age of 21, who recognized the current government, enjoyed the right to vote and were literate.
A resolution was adopted that stated: “The workers’ militia is entirely and exclusively under the jurisdiction of the Council of Workers’ and Soldiers’ Deputies. The military and civil authorities are obliged to assist in arming the workers’ militia and supplying it with technical forces, including supplying it with government weapons.”
Initially, police officers were subordinate to local Soviets, then this service came under the jurisdiction of the NKVD, and since 1946 it became one of the divisions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs.
The tasks of this structure were regulated by the Constitution of the Russian Federation, adopted in 1991 Federal Law“On the Police”, the regulations “On Service in the Internal Affairs Bodies” and other documents.
On March 1, 2011, the Law “On the Police” was adopted in the Russian Federation, according to which this service again became known as the police.
It is designed to counter crime, protect public order, property and ensure public safety, to guard the life, health, rights and freedoms of citizens.
Its tasks also include the fight against terrorism, extremism and drug trafficking, control over the circulation of weapons, and road safety.
To become a police officer, you need to have appropriate physical training, undergo military service in the armed forces, or have a special education received in the structures of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation.
Currently, the police are one of the largest services in our country: about 900 thousand people serve in it.
The history of the name of the holiday Police Day dates back more than a hundred years ago. In memory of the fact that on November 10, 1917, the NKVD of the RSFSR decree “On the People’s Militia” was issued, in Soviet years Police Day was established.
The Presidium of the Supreme Council transferred the informal date to the rank of a professional holiday, which since 1980 received state status (until 1991 it was called Soviet Police Day, until 2011 - Russian Police Day).
When did Police Day get its current name? From October 13, 2011, which is enshrined in Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 1348 “On the Day of Employees of the Internal Affairs Bodies of the Russian Federation.” This is the brief history of the Police Day holiday.
How can you congratulate yourself on Police Day?
On November 10, the holiday of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, we honor everyone who devoted themselves to this people need professions: specialists of operational search and investigative units, district police officers, patrol officers, veterans of this service, etc.
Teachers, students and graduates of specialized educational institutions also accept congratulations on Internal Affairs Officer Day.
Send to your colleagues, friends and acquaintances on November 10, Police Day warm congratulations Happy holiday.
***
Thank you for saving Russia!
Even if the service is difficult and sometimes dangerous,
Your efforts are not at all in vain.
Peaceful skies to you and sunny days,
The road through life is longer and smoother.
May pain and loss not meet you,
Let the stars on your shoulder straps shine!
***
On the Day of Internal Affairs Officers
Congratulations to all those whose lot is
To protect the peace of peaceful citizens,
Protect them from criminals!
We wish you health, warmth,
Let life be easy and bright.
Every year - on the shoulder strap according to the star,
And good luck always and everywhere!
***
Happy Police Day! I wish you luck
May good luck visit you often.
Let your mood be good in the morning,
And you will be happy every day and hour.
Let our people respect the laws
And every citizen will be exemplary.
May the streets always be calm,
And work will not add gray hair to your hair.
In addition to Police Day, other professional holidays of this service are known. We list when and which of them are celebrated in our country:
- February 18 – Russian Transport Police Day,
- March 1 is the Day of the Forensic Expert Service of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs,
- March 18 – Tax Police Day,
- March 27 – Day of Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia,
- April 17 – Day of Veterans of Internal Affairs Bodies and Internal Troops,
- June 14 – Day of Migration Service Workers,
- July 3 – Traffic Police Day
- September 2 – Patrol Service Day,
- July 6 – Financial Service Day of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia,
- October 5 – Day of Criminal Investigation Workers,
- October 29 – Private Security Day,
- December 29 – Day of special purpose units of internal troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, etc.
Today in Russia we celebrate a holiday that is historically customary to call Police Day. After the well-known reform carried out several years ago, both the police itself and the previous name of the holiday officially ceased to exist. As a result, a design with the rather cumbersome name “Day of the Internal Affairs Officer of the Russian Federation” appeared in the calendar of holiday dates of the law enforcement agencies of our country. However, the essence of the renaming celebration did not change.
In 2017, the holiday has its own anniversary. The fact is that it began to be recognized as a professional one in 1962 - 55 years ago - on the basis of a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. The date has a historical reference to November 10 ( new style) 1917, when the People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the Soviet Republic Alexei Rykov (future chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR) put his signature on the resolution “On the Workers' Militia.”
The head of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, Police General Vladimir Kolokoltsev, congratulated all law enforcement officers on this holiday:
I cordially congratulate you on the Day of the Internal Affairs Officer of the Russian Federation! This is a holiday of all who dedicated their lives to serving the people, the law and the Fatherland.
The profession of a policeman is one of the most important and necessary. The requirements for her have never depended on time - they are always high responsibility, honesty and courage.
Today, the ministry’s personnel adequately respond to new criminal challenges and threats, fight organized crime, terrorism and extremism, and ensure the economic and migration security of the state.
Thanks to your effective work, the level of protection of citizens increases and, as a result, the prestige of the department grows.
On this day, we pay tribute to our comrades who died in the line of duty, bow our heads before their feat and carefully preserve the bright memory of the heroes.
I express my sincere gratitude to veterans for their support and assistance in training, education and civic development of the younger generation of law enforcement defenders. Your experience, devotion to duty and respect for traditions are priceless for us.
I am confident that in the future the personnel will successfully solve the tasks assigned to the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs, strengthening the trust of their compatriots with their work and high results.
With all my heart I wish you and your families good health, happiness and prosperity!
"Military Review" joins these words and, for its part, congratulates all employees and veterans of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation and the USSR, who stand (have stood) guarding law and order and the rule of law, on professional holiday!
Date in 2019: November 10th, Sunday.
Not everyone is able to put public issues and other people's problems above personal ones. Not everyone will be able to risk their health and life fighting criminals and standing up for the law. We will talk about the police officers, whom we, as usual, congratulate at the beginning of November every year.
Ordinary people have always had an ambiguous attitude towards the work of law enforcement agencies. Some look with pride and hope at people in uniform, who exude calm, protection, and confidence. Others are afraid and dislike representatives of the law. But everyone respects the police and does not forget to congratulate them on their professional holiday. Police Day is invariably celebrated in November.
Who celebrates the holiday?
The word “police” itself has ancient Greek roots and means “city” in interpretation. Therefore, the first police officers were any people who belonged to city government.
In Russia, the idea to charge police officers with law enforcement duties belongs to Peter I. A similar service was created in 1715, first in St. Petersburg, and later in Moscow. In 1718, the secret chancellery appeared as a prototype of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, whose responsibilities included control, surveillance, and search.
A similar ministry appears during the reign of Alexander I. The responsibilities of the ministry have expanded significantly since 1802. Now people of this profession are responsible for peace and order in cities, for fire safety, and are looking for deserters and criminal fugitives. In addition, there were also unusual responsibilities in the form of developing roads, supervising shelters, controlling mail, medicine, trade, and paying taxes.
But literally a few years later a narrower ministry was created. Since 1810, the police have been led not by the Ministry of Internal Affairs, but by the Ministry of Police. And since 1908, search departments have been created at city and county departments.
Everything changes after the revolution. The police as such are abolished. And the Workers' and Peasants' Militia is being created. The date of birth of the police is November 10th. It was on this day that it later became Police Day, when for decades all police officers have been congratulated on their professional holiday.
Initially, the police were created immediately after the coup to protect the revolutionary order. Citizens over 21 years of age who are loyal to the Soviet regime are accepted into the ranks of the police. The policeman had to serve at least six months.
In addition to the official police units, voluntary ones were also created, which assisted the official bodies. The exploits of the “Voluntary Police Detachments” and “Friends of Public Order” and other organizations of this kind are well known.
Soviet police officers take an active part in the civil war. And in 1920, a Decree was issued, which prescribed all the structural divisions of the RKM, which were classified as bodies of special importance.
Today, the profession of policeman as such does not exist, since the structure was reorganized and renamed to the historical name “police”. But Police Day remained unchanged. The holiday is still celebrated in November.
Therefore, Police Day in 2019 will be celebrated by officers and soldiers of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. All employees who wear police uniforms, as well as employees who support their work, will raise their glasses.
And since there are no former police officers, both retired officers and those who served in the police for even a minimum period of time will celebrate their permanent Police Day in 2019.
History of the holiday
Historically, the holiday is associated with the adoption of the NKVD resolution of November 10, 1917, which formed the security forces. Celebrating the holiday of policemen began back in 1962. But for a long time the celebrations were unofficial. The holiday was legalized in 1980 by a corresponding Decree issued by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.
The country fell apart, but traditions and holidays were preserved. Therefore, when asked when is Police Day in 2016, what date, many will answer out of habit that November 10th. And they will be absolutely right. Despite the renaming of the bodies in 2011, the date of the holiday remains unchanged by government decision. This is what is stated in the Decree signed by the President in 2011.
Therefore, Police Day in 2019, which date cannot be confused. The holiday will be celebrated as usual on November 10. Traditionally, employees gather for festive table, accept congratulations from friends, colleagues, management. Some police officers receive a promotion in honor of the holiday and, according to tradition, wash new stars in a glass of vodka.
In the Kremlin Palace, as for many decades, on this holiday, ceremonial events are held with speeches by government representatives, performances by stars and creative groups.
About the police profession
The profession of a police officer can safely be called important, responsible and quite dangerous. A person in this profession has certain levers of influence that are given to him legally.
He maintains order, detains offenders, and conducts explanatory conversations. Sometimes a police officer has to resort to more radical methods of restoring order.
A police officer is responsible for maintaining order not only on the streets of the city, but also in any residential, public, or industrial premises. Therefore, he legally has the right to enter any place if an offense is suspected.
He has the right to use special ammunition, and, if necessary, a baton, and even firearms. All rights and responsibilities of a police officer are specified in a special Charter, laws that employees must strictly observe.
No matter how strange the stereotypes associated with the personalities of police officers may be, special requirements are put forward for these people. These features of police officers are prescribed by the life and years of work of Soviet police officers and Russian police officers.
In addition to the requirements for professional education, the police officer is required to constantly improve his qualifications. Only physically resilient, strong guys and girls with excellent reactions can become a police officer. They must have good hearing and vision.
Among the psychological qualities needed by a police officer, integrity and resistance to stress are important. A professional in his field is ready to help at any time and even sacrifice his own health. This is a responsible person, capable of thinking logically, and keeping calm.
Special requirements are also put forward for legal literacy. To maintain order, a police officer must clearly understand the boundaries of what is permitted and know the legal explanations for any action.
Congratulations to the police
Dear policeman, every day you solve complex problems and ensure order. And on this holiday, every man in the street is ready to thank you for your brave work, for your courage and vigilance. May there be fewer threats and troubles in your work, may there always be mutual understanding with colleagues and friends, and may there always be love and happiness with your family.
As usual, on November 10th we will raise our glasses. He will say toasts to the police, for their hard work. They protect the sleep and peace of all citizens every day. We wish every police officer faith in his job, perseverance and strength to carry out his duties.
Congratulations to the police
On a glorious holiday.
And fill the glasses to the brim
We sincerely wish you not to lose heart.
Police Day in Russia
Holiday of our country.
Congratulations are accepted
Brave sons.
Your glory and courage
Glorifies all the people
Let the merry march sound
On our police holiday.
Holidays are constant companions of people's life. Holidays for us are an opportunity to bring joy to loved ones! And of course, a holiday is not a calendar concept, it happens where it is felt, where it is expected. For recent years A lot has changed in our lives, but people’s craving for holidays remains an important phenomenon for any person.
History of the Russian police
The Day of the Internal Affairs Officer of the Russian Federation is an excellent occasion to look at a page of history.
The history of the Russian police dates back to the reign of Peter I. In 1715, the Emperor created a public order service in Russia and called it police, which translated from Greek means “government of the state.” On September 8, 1802, under Alexander I, the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Empire was formed. The tasks of the Ministry, in addition to establishing and maintaining peace, ensuring fire safety, fighting fugitives and deserters, also included the arrangement of roads, supervision of shelters, it controlled trade, postal services, medicine and monitored the payment of taxes. However, already in 1810, the management of the police was removed from the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, and the Ministry of Police was created. On July 6, 1908, the existence of detective departments engaged in operational investigative activities in police departments of cities and counties was legislated.
The Workers' and Peasants' Militia (RKM) was created immediately after the October Revolution on November 10 (October 28, old style) 1917 to protect revolutionary public order. Citizens who had reached the age of 21, recognized Soviet power, were literate and enjoyed the right to vote were accepted into the police. Everyone who joined the police was given a subscription to serve for at least 6 months. Voluntary organizations to assist the Soviet police were created under many city and county executive committees ("Voluntary Police Detachments", "Friends of Public Order", etc.) The introduction of a uniform uniform for police officers increased its authority in the eyes of the working people.
During the Civil War and intervention, police officers actively participated in combat operations at the fronts.
In 1919, over 8 thousand policemen were sent to the Red Army. In 1920, the entire frontline police took part in the battles against Wrangel’s troops and the White Poles: more than 3 thousand railway police officers were sent to the Western Front.
The “Regulations on the Workers' and Peasants' Militia” of June 10, 1920 established that the main links of the RKM apparatus are city and county (general), industrial, railway, water (river and sea) and search police. The regulations defined the RKM as an armed executive body with the significance of special-purpose armed units.
Many police officers were awarded the title of Hero for their participation in combat operations of the Great Patriotic War. Soviet Union, orders and medals.
By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated November 1, 1988, the holiday was renamed Police Day.
The roots of the process of formation of the Soviet police go back to the February Revolution in Russia. After the overthrow of the autocracy, the tsarist police were liquidated. The legal confirmation of the liquidation process was the resolution of the Provisional Government of 03/06/1917 on the liquidation of the gendarme corps, and of 03/10/17 on the abolition of the Police Department. The replacement of the police with a “people's militia” was proclaimed.
The legal basis for the organization and activities of the police was determined in the resolutions of the Provisional Government “On the approval of the police” and “Temporary regulations on the police”, issued on April 17, 1917. In its resolution, the Temporary Decree tried to prevent the existence at the same time of both the people's militia and the armed formations of workers that existed during these troubled times. The Soviets of Workers' and Peasants' Deputies that emerged during the February Revolution, simultaneously with the people's militia, organized detachments of workers' militia and other armed formations of workers who guarded factories and plants and monitored the protection of public order. In the resolution “On the approval of the police,” the Provisional Government indicated that the appointment of the people’s militia is carried out by the state administration. Thus, the people's militia, created immediately after the February Revolution, became an integral part of the state apparatus.
After the October Revolution, as is now commonly said, the Second All-Russian Congress of Soviets legally secured the formation of the Soviet state and secured the liquidation of the Provisional Government and its bodies locally and in the center. The central militia ceased to exist on December 2, 1917. On the ground, everything depended on the will of the new “masters of life.” In many cities and regions, the police of the Provisional Government were disbanded, while in others they were reorganized under the leadership of semi-literate political workers.
The legal basis for the organization of the Soviet police was the NKVD decree “On the Workers' Militia” issued on October 28 (11/10). 17 This resolution did not provide for the organizational forms of the police apparatus. This was connected, first of all, with the views of the ruling elite on the state structure. These views were that with the destruction of the old state machine, first of all, the army and police were liquidated, and their functions were transferred to the armed people. This view existed for some time after the October Revolution. This idea received organizational and legal expression in the fact that the formation of the workers' militia took place, as a rule, on the basis of voluntariness, and only in some cases did the formation take place on the basis of conscription imposed by the Soviets.
Due to the fact that the workers' militia formations did not have a permanent staff, they had the character of mass amateur organizations. However, the real state of affairs showed the unviability of such an approach to organizing ATS. The party leadership at that time had a sober mind and sound memory. Already in March 1918, the NKVD commissar raised the question of organizing the Soviet police on a regular basis to the Government. This issue was considered at a meeting of the Government, and the NKVD was asked to develop and submit a draft regulation on the Soviet police.
On May 10, 1918, the NKVD board adopted the following order: “The police exist as a permanent staff of persons performing special duties, the organization of the police must be carried out independently of the Red Army, their functions must be strictly delimited.”
On May 15, this order was sent by telegraph to all governors of Russia. On June 5 of the same year, the draft Regulations on the People's Workers' and Peasants' Guard (militia) was published. It clarified and deciphered the order of the NKVD, which we quoted. Then, the congress of chairmen of provincial councils, which took place on July 30. to 08/01/18 “recognized the need to create a Soviet workers’ and peasants’ militia.”
On August 21, 1918, the Council of People's Commissars reviewed the draft Regulations on the Soviet Police. The Council of People's Commissars instructed the NKVD, together with the People's Commissariat of Justice, to rework the project into instructions, adapting it (the instructions) to the performance of direct police duties. And finally, on October 21, 1918, the NKVD and NKYU approved the Instructions on the organization of the Soviet workers' and peasants' militia. On October 15, 1918, this instruction was sent to provincial and district police departments. It established the organizational and legal forms of the police for the entire Russian Federation. The central body of the Soviet police was the Main Police Directorate. It carried out: general management of the activities of the Soviet police; publication of orders and instructions defining the technical and, of course, political aspects of the work; supervision over the activities of the police, etc.
For many years the holiday was called “Police Day”. After the new law “On Police” came into force on March 1, 2011, the name of the holiday became obsolete. In accordance with Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of October 13, 2011 No. 1348, the holiday became known as “Day of the Employee of the Internal Affairs Bodies of the Russian Federation.”