Child development. Children's riddles: why are they needed? Game moments in lessons in elementary school Riddles of what they are needed for

Everyone knows how interesting it is to solve riddles. Moreover, not only children, but also adults love to solve riddles. Of course, riddles for children and adults are different from each other. But they were created according to the same principle. The love of riddles is instilled in all of us from childhood. Many remember the riddles from this time, and already retell them to their children and grandchildren. There are riddles on various topics and areas of activity.
For the first time, a child is introduced to riddles in kindergarten or at home. Educators kindergarten They are often used during classes for better assimilation. For this purpose, thematic riddles are specially selected, and the lesson itself contains clues leading to the answer. For example, riddles for a lesson dedicated to the seasons.
I bring the harvest
I am sowing the fields again,
I send birds to the south,
I strip the trees
But I don't touch the pine trees
And Christmas trees. I...
(Autumn)
The sun is burning
Linden blossoms.
The rye is spiking,
The wheat is golden.
Who's to say, who knows
When does this happen?
(Summer)
In this case, riddles help children assimilate the information received from the teacher. But they are useful not only for this, collective guessing of riddles develops in children a sense of belonging to the world around them, collectivism. Together, children easily find answers. Some people like to give answers in unison, while others are happy that they found the answer a little earlier than others. But they are all busy with one thing that is very important to them - they are exploring the world. And this purpose of the riddle is no less important than reading books or listening to oral lessons.

Children's riddles: why are they needed? Riddles in any era were considered the most mysterious genre that only belongs to Russian folklore. In short, colorful and intriguing questions that are written about absolutely everything in the world, the wisdom and experience of more than a single generation has been collected. Riddles help teach our children simple truths of life, introduce them to surrounding objects, things, and the world in general.

The very process of making and guessing riddles is never a boring task. It’s fun for a child to try to independently find and choose the correct answer to a riddle that has a tricky twist. At least, life experience shows that solving riddles is several times more interesting for every child than just reading a textbook, or listening to boring and sophisticated advice from adults. Perhaps it is for these reasons that children so enjoy solving various thematic, humorous riddles.

But why do they like to solve puzzles and find answers on their own? In order to understand this, it is necessary to understand the child’s essence itself. And it lies in learning new things every day, opening doors to the field of knowledge. Children's interest knows no boundaries, so short questions, which may be on the most favorite topic, are sure to arouse genuine interest on the part of the child. Regarding the moment of unraveling, it is interesting for the child not only to show his abilities and prove his intelligence, but also to understand what he is capable of without outside help.

Of course, this genre of folklore opens up many opportunities for our children. Starting from the development of logic and thinking, ending with the development of the ability not only to listen, but also to hear. After all, there are also riddles in which the answer lies in the very content of the question, and the child must be able to recognize it. Such activities have a very beneficial effect on the development of the baby’s attentiveness, and on how clearly he can trace all the words spoken. Well, and, of course, memory, which receives the necessary nourishment for its development.

Riddles are good because they help each child find his hidden inner world, open your imagination. Riddles also have an impact on imaginative thinking. Thus, children gradually begin to understand figurative speech, metaphors, and aphorisms. Such words are quite often used in folklore, and help to transfer the meaning from one object to another word, but closely similar in meaning.

Children may also like folk riddles for the reason that their structure is much more rhythmic than ordinary colloquial speech. Therefore, in addition to everything else, our children receive the most useful skills in the rhythm of their speech. Riddles in which the answer is randomly suggested by rhyme are also considered very useful.

If you are just starting to teach your child to riddles, you should not try to get him to solve them completely and correctly the first time. Well, you shouldn’t overwhelm your child with various riddles either. To test your child's interest, you can ask him only one, the simplest riddle, and see how he reacts. If the baby cannot find his way on his own, help him and give him a little hint.

Reading time: 7 minutes.

Almost every person loves solving riddles. This is a fun activity with intriguing, colorful and short questions. Today, mysteries from Soviet times are increasingly appearing in literature. There is an opinion that they are more intriguing, interesting and simple.

Psychologists and educators say: “Children enjoy solving riddles or crossword puzzles more than just reading books or doing math.” In the article you will find children's Soviet riddles to logic. They will come with answers, so you can safely play with your child.

Many children enjoy learning something new every day. With the help of adults, children constantly discover new knowledge. Children are so curious that any question, even the smallest one, arouses great interest. This is why children need riddles. After all, with their help they develop even more.

Soviet riddles are common. This folklore teaches children to think logically, develop imagination, listen carefully and, most importantly, hear. Each riddle contains a secret that the child must be able to correctly decipher and answer.

Riddles help your child get rid of absent-mindedness and inattention. After all, these two factors greatly influence the future of every person. Such activities also perfectly develop memory, which is important in development.

Riddles open not only the inner world of children, but also their individual imagination. Each child presents the question and the answer to it in his own way. Riddles are also important so that the baby gradually understands the meaning of expressions, speech, metaphors or aphorisms.

Riddles about natural phenomena

They are needed so that the baby better understands and imagines the bright and colorful world around him.

In riddles about natural phenomena, we will teach preschoolers to see beauty.

Children will be happy to find logical answers to the above old riddles. They are completely easy for preschoolers to understand and teach them to love the world around them.

About vegetables and fruits

There are a lot of such mysteries. Here are selected current, well-known, interesting riddles about fruits and vegetables.

These riddles help preschoolers develop speech, enrich their vocabulary, and be able to convey their thoughts and imagination.

About animals

Here are riddles about wild or domestic animals. This great way introduce the child to the name and type of various animals.

About household items

There is an opinion that Soviet riddles are the most fascinating and educational. To introduce children to everyday objects, play a game with them.

About the seasons

Old riddles are also invented in poetic form. Most often these are the seasons.

About school

All preschoolers should have an idea of ​​all the subjects needed at school. That is why Soviet riddles on such topics are necessary for children.

The above riddles will help the children understand what school is, what kind of stationery there are, etc. After each riddle, you need to have a conversation with the children on this topic.

Conclusion

In order to select specific riddles, you must always take into account the children’s abilities, their interest in the world around them, experience and, of course, age. For preschoolers, it is easier to find answers to riddles by describing objects. They make specific associations.

In the article we looked at Soviet riddles with answers that better develop and educate children. Thanks to them, children have increased attention, imagination and memory.

With the help of this gaming method, the preschooler acquires knowledge about nature, animals and the world around him in general.

You will be able to develop your baby comprehensively. It all depends on the type of riddles and how adults present them.

Thanks to this form of training, you will enrich the vocabulary of preschoolers and their speech will develop perfectly. Children will form their own ideas about everything that surrounds them. If something doesn’t work out for the kids, don’t scold them. Support the baby, explain logic riddles and say that nothing bad happened. This is just a game that does not oblige the child to anything.

text: Ekaterina Chinarova
www.smartkids.ru

"Why do ducks swim? Without what can you bake bread? Why is there water in a glass?" - who among us as a child did not suffer from searching for the answer to these questions? Rarely did anyone manage to get to the answer on their own. I remember very well how my dad explained to me, “what was the elephant doing when he came to the field?” - this is not about the Napoleon cake, and not about the French emperor, but about the elephant that came onto the field. Riddles exist in any culture: they are a universal intellectual simulator that trains memory, develops thinking and enriches speech.

A riddle is a type of oral folk art, where the most characteristic features objects or phenomena. Riddles have several functions: educational, magical, didactic and gaming. Linguist and ethnographer I. Sedakova believes that telling riddles is a special type of ritual-game behavior, a verbal act in which one participant offers an encrypted statement about a certain object or phenomenon, and the other must name the denotation. Any riddle consists of an allegory (question) and its decoding (answer).

As for child development, then riddles should definitely be made part of your everyday life. Riddles develop metaphorical thinking, as they involve guessing and thinking on the basis of available information. Riddles also enrich children's vocabulary by demonstrating the figurative meaning of words. Instead of a rainbow there is a “painted rocker”, instead of an aquarium there is a “transparent house”, and the carrot completely turns into a “girl in a dungeon”. And finally, riddles are fun and great!

Where to start?

The riddle as an intellectual simulator is also attractive because it is absolutely accessible. The best place to start is by reading to your child. riddles-poems. Children like them, and due to the rhyme, they are easier to guess. "Two bellies, four ears." What is this? Of course, “pillow,” the child prompts with pleasure. And here's another:

Grandfather is sitting
Dressed in seven fur coats,
Who undresses him?
He sheds tears. (onion)

There is water all around, but drinking is a problem (sea)
Largely, fractionally frequented,
The whole earth was watered (rain).

Across the blue sea
White geese are swimming (sky and clouds).

Who keeps the fisherman's worm? (fish)

At the little cattle
One hundred silver coins in the back (fish).

He sits with his eyes bulging,
He speaks French
Jumps like a flea
Swims like a human (frog).

No arms, no legs,
Crawling on its belly (a worm)

Over the mountains
By dale
A fur coat is walking
Yes, a caftan.
(ram)

Small stature
Long tail
Gray fur coat,
Sharp teeth.
(mouse)

Looks like a wedge
And if you turn it around, damn it.
(umbrella)

The dog doesn't bark
But he won’t let me into the house.
(lock)

Stronger than the sun
Weaker than the wind
There are no legs, but he walks.
No eyes, but crying.
(cloud)

The blue sheet covers the whole world.
(sky)

Sits on the roof above everyone else.
(antenna)

Not a bush, but with leaves.
Not a shirt
And it's sewn.
Not a man
And he tells.
(book)

The bitches are horned,
The fruits are winged,
And the leaf - with your palm,
With a long leg.
(maple)

Small,
Remote,
Passed through the earth
I found Little Red Riding Hood.
(mushroom)

The grandfather is sitting, dressed in a hundred fur coats.
Who undresses him?
He sheds tears.
(onion)

The field is not measured, the sheep are not counted,
Horned shepherd.
(sky, stars, month)

They knock, they knock,
Don't tell me to be bored:
They're going, they're going,
And everything is here and here.
(watch)

The men came without axes,
They cut down the hut without corners.
(ants, anthill)

Tail with patterns
Boots with spurs,
At night he sings,
Time is counting.
(rooster)

He walks around the hallway, but doesn’t go into the hut.
(door)

Four brothers
Standing under the same hat
They are tied with one sash.
(table)

The new dishes are all full of holes.
(sieve, sieve, grater)

They beat me with sticks
They stone me
Kept in a fiery cave
They cut me with knives.
Why are they ruining me like this?
For being loved.
(bread)

The seagull warmed up the kettle,
I invited nine seagulls.
Everyone came for tea.
How many seagulls, answer?
(nine)

No arms, no legs, but wears a shirt.
(pillow)

Runs along a thin rope.
Will go into the bubble -
The light will light up.
(electric current)

They kick him, but he doesn't cry.
They throw him, and he jumps back.
(ball)

I'm sitting on horseback
I don't know who
I'll meet an acquaintance,
I'll jump off and pick you up.
(cap)

Guess the riddle, who are we?
On a clear day we sit at home.
If it rains, we have work -
Stomp - splash through the swamps.
(rubber boots)

Two ends, two rings, carnations in the middle.
(scissors)

Ate - ate oak, oak;
Broke a tooth, tooth.
(saw)

She's like a snake
Flashes in the grass.
The tail wags.
The tail will break off -
The new one will come into being.
(lizard)

Black Ivashka,
Wooden shirt:
Where will it take place?
There will be a trace there.
(pencil)

He bows, he bows.
Will come home -
will stretch
(axe)

Steel horse, flaxen tail
(needle and thread)

In winter - a star, in spring - water
(Snowflake)

When the child grows up, you can make a wish more difficult riddles:

The field is white, the seed is black, whoever sows it understands. (letter)
She is black, eats green, gives white (Cow).
Black cat climbs through the window (night)
They were waiting for him, they called him, and when he came, they ran! (rain)
Who carries his own house? (snail)
Who speaks all languages? (echo)
What bridge can be built without an axe? (ice)
What bell doesn't ring? (flower)
Liquid, not water, white, not snow (milk)
Are two brothers looking in the same direction? (eyes)
The pot is smart: there are eight holes in it (head)
If you feed him he lives, if you give him something to drink he dies (fire)

Yes there is a hint in it

Children perceive well literary riddles, according to fairy tales. I compiled a series of such riddles when my child was 6-7 years old. You need to guess the fairy tale and literary character:

He caught her and released her. She thanked him, but then punished him for his greed. (The Tale of the Goldfish)
The girl chased the rabbit and fell into a hole. Many miracles happened to her there (Alice in Wonderland).
The youngest son had nothing, but he got a cat. Yes, not simple, but very smart (Puss in Boots).
One boastful bird paid for his complacency and was left without lunch (The Crow and the Fox).
The girl’s dad was the director of a zoo, she loved to travel to other planets and collect unprecedented animals (“The Adventures of Alice” by Kir Bulychev)
The main character of this poem is very absent-minded and wears gloves instead of felt boots (Abstracted from Basseynaya Street).
All the strength of this old man is hidden in his beard (Old Man Hottabych)
He ran away from everyone except one cunning and red-haired one (Kolobok)
The best nanny in the world who could fly with an umbrella (Mary Poppins)
Two fabulous fish that fulfilled wishes (“ Goldfish" and "At the command of the pike").

4-5 summer children I like it very much trick riddles. In appearance they look like riddles in verse, but they are more complex than the first ones. The rhyme confuses the baby: the sweet, kind one crows sleepily... It’s hard to resist the pig, although the correct answer is “rooster.” The poetic form is easier to remember, and “mistakes and slips of the tongue” cause a fit of general laughter.

Children's riddles are good for a specific occasion. In the garden there are vegetable gardens (“A hundred clothes and all without fasteners”), at home there are household ones (“I see dust, I’ll wrap it up, wrap it up and swallow it”), at the table there are table meals (“She doesn’t eat, but feeds people”). Our favorite riddle: “What is most important at dinner?” It turns out it's the mouth.

Logic riddles

A special place is occupied by riddles and logic puzzles, which “under a bright cover” do not look boring. Example: two mothers, two daughters and a grandmother and granddaughter. How much in total? Or: one brick weighs one kilogram and another half a brick. How much does one brick weigh?

Excellent source logical problems are the books of Yakov Perelman.

When a heron stands on one leg, it weighs 3 kg. How much will a heron weigh if it stands on two legs? (3 kg)

Now my son is three times younger than me. But five years ago he was four times younger than me. How old is he? (15).

What weighs more - 1 kg of cotton wool or 1 kg of iron? (same)

Three friends met in a cafe: the sculptor Belov, the violinist Chernov and the artist Ryzhov. “It’s wonderful that one of us has white hair, the other has black, and the third has red hair, but no one’s hair color matches their surname,” the black-haired man noted. “You’re right,” said Belov. What color is the artist's hair?

Einstein's mystery. According to legend, Albert Einstein created this puzzle in order to test assistant candidates for logical thinking ability. The task implies the ability to operate in the mind with patterns associated with five signs at once. So, the condition:

5 different people in 5 different houses different colors, smoke 5 different brands cigarettes, grow 5 different types animals drink 5 different types of drinks.

The Norwegian lives in the first house.
The Englishman lives in a red house.
The green house is located to the left of the white one.
The Dane drinks tea.
The one who smokes Rothmans lives next to the one who
raises cats.
The one who lives in the yellow house smokes Dunhill.
The German smokes Marlboro.
The one who lives in the center drinks milk.
The neighbor of the one who smokes Rothmans drinks water.
Anyone who smokes Pall Mall raises birds.
The Swede raises dogs.
A Norwegian lives next to the blue house.
The one who raises horses lives in a blue house.
Anyone who smokes Philip Morris drinks beer.
They drink coffee in the green house.
Question: WHO BREEDS FISH?

Riddles with a trick

We remember these riddles well - we had to rack our brains in childhood. Which hand is better to stir tea? It doesn't matter whether you answer with your right or your left. It is best to stir the tea with a spoon!

You are sitting in a helicopter, in front of you is a horse, behind you is a camel. Where are you located? (On the carousel)

What did Agatha Christie answer to the question “What do you think about when you wash the dishes?” (About murder)

3 little pigs were walking. Some are in front of two, one is between two, one is behind everyone. How were the piglets doing? (one after another)

What question cannot be answered with no? (are you alive?)

The hunter walked past the clock tower. He took the gun and fired. Where did he end up? (to the police)

A flock of ducks was flying. One in front, two behind. One behind and two in front. One between two and three in a row. How many ducks were flying? (three)

Learning to think

Cognitive thinking is our ability to explore the world and organize our approach to learning. It starts with “why?”, with the curiosity that all kids have, and, of course, with riddles. When asking a riddle, do not rush to answer. Take a break.

Mothers usually rush with answers, and strict fathers, on the contrary, torment their children with mystery. Quick guesses are uninteresting and harmful. Thus, we deprive the child of the miracle of knowledge, and he gets used to “consuming” ready-made information and loses interest in riddles in general. By asking a difficult riddle and not helping the child draw conclusions with leading questions, we are also doing him a disservice. The main thing is to let the child understand that all the signs of the object about which we're talking about, necessary and significant. You just need to be able to identify and compare them.

It doesn't matter if the child doesn't guess the riddle. As practice shows, the percentage of guessing without an adult's prompting in a 4-5 year old child is small. What matters in this case is not the result, but the process. Because with the help of a riddle we help the child see an object or phenomenon in a new way.

Riddles are an excellent tool for developing so-called linguistic thinking. How bigger baby plays with words and sounds, the better he will do at reading and writing at school.

When is the best time for a black cat to get into the house? The stereotypical answer is at night. It turns out when the door is open.

Why (why) is there water in the glass? The child tries to come up with a reason to drink, and does not notice the trap. Correct answer: behind glass.

One train travels from point A to point B with a delay of 10 minutes, and another train travels from point B to point A with a delay of 20 minutes. Which of these trains will be closer to point A when they meet? Answer: in the middle.

Such “trick” problems cannot be solved in a standard way. A riddle is not only a “test of knowledge” or a “test of ingenuity,” but also an impetus for the development of non-standard thinking.

Mysteries of our own making

The next step is to create your own riddles. Gianni Rodari, an experienced "riddler", identified four main stages in creating riddles: "detachment - association - metaphor - form."

First, we take an object (for example, a carrot) from the context and describe it as an “orange vegetable that grows in the ground, but leaves its green tops on the street. Then we compare the carrot with something or someone - it grows, sits, has a tail like a scythe, and we come to a metaphor: the red maiden is in the dungeon, and the scythe is on the street. That is, we give the subject a metaphorical definition. If desired, we put all this into a beautiful poetic form.

What does snow look like, we ask the child. On cotton wool, on crispy flakes, on flies. What does snow do? It falls, spins, lies in an even layer and in snowdrifts. And when he lies on the ground, what does he look like? On a blanket, on a bedspread. When it melts, it flows. So something like this will come out: “There was a soft, white blanket, the sun got hot - the blanket began to flow.” Or like this: “A white swarm curled and curled. It sat on the ground and became a mountain.”

Psychologists believe that when coming up with children's riddles, it is important to comply with a number of conditions.

First, “encode” the most characteristic features of an object, phenomenon, or action into a riddle. For example, small, gray, with a tail, loves cheese - almost exhaustive information about the mouse.

Secondly, the number of these signs should depend on the age of the child: the older, the fewer “clues”, the more difficult and interesting it is to guess. It’s as if the baby is taking an exam: does he know the properties and qualities of the surrounding objects well? By making a guess himself, he learns to “operate” with this knowledge and uses it “in action.”

And finally, the object itself and its signs should be familiar to the child. Operate with known properties such as color, shape, size, comparative characteristics. An excellent technique is an analogy or comparison. The castle is like a dog because it “guards” the house: “It doesn’t bark, doesn’t bite, and doesn’t let you into the house.” Nettle - for fire: “It’s not fire, but it burns.” The web is on a “sieve” because it is “twisted”: “The sieve hangs - not twisted by hand.” And so on.

Have fun making and guessing! Finally, a riddle: why are riddles dangerous?

The ability to solve riddles is one of the the most powerful ways development of the baby's thinking. Earlier we discussed their significance in the development of such a thinking operation as comparison. But observation, the ability to analyze text, etc. also develop.

Games to solve riddles

“All this is good,” a parent and even a teacher will say. But first you need to somehow teach your child how to solve riddles. But how can we teach them to guess, for example, a four-year-old, and even those who are older?

The question is legitimate. Really, how?

Riddles-descriptions

The first group of riddles is the most simple descriptions things. First, these are the objects of the immediate environment.

An example of a cryptic description.

This one has 4 legs, a square seat and a backrest. Name the item.

For an older child, information is added: the item can be made of wood, plastic, metal. Essentially, this is a descriptive story. And based on the description, the baby needs to figure out the search object itself.

For older kids, there are rhyming riddles they love:

There's a big fight by the river.
This fight is about... (cancer)

Sometimes the rhymes are tricky. in them there is one answer in rhyme, and another in content.

Everything is dressed in white snow -
Apparently it has arrived...

(winter/summer)

Crows awake
Dear, kind...

(pig/cockerel)

Children often live in a very narrow world, excluding the most ordinary things. Such tasks stretch your horizons, activating your powers of observation.

The second group is very similar to the previous one. But there is much less information about the hidden thing. For example,

It grows in water.
He is loved everywhere.
Suitable for porridge
Masha eats it.
Suitable for pilaf
Vova eats it.

To figure it out, you need basic analysis, which is useful to teach your child.

Analysis scheme

1. Unknown item.
2. What do we know about him? Grows in water.
3. What grows in water? Grass, fish.
4. What else do we know? Porridge is cooked from it.
5. Is fish okay? No.
6. They also cook pilaf from it. What do you need for pilaf? Rice.
7. Does rice grow in water? Yes.
8. So the unknown object is rice!

So the answer has been found. You just need to teach your child to reason and ask questions. The game below can help with this.

Lucho Rodice Guessing Game

1. intelligence,
2. accumulation of cultural baggage.

Rules of the game.

One player wishes for an object. The rest must guess it by asking questions. Answer only “Yes” or “No”.

To avoid losing interest in the game, the children need to be shown how to ask questions correctly. We read the verse.

• I made a wish for an object.
• Is this a watering can?
• Not a watering can?
• Is this a cat?
• Maybe a button?
• So it's a traffic jam?
• I can't find the answer.

Then we ask the children why they didn’t guess the object? Because they asked the wrong questions. The meaning of the questions is to find out as much information as possible about the hidden object.

We show you how to correctly ask questions to guess.

The boy thought of the word “goat”.

Questions and answers:

1. Is the item alive? Yes.
2. Is this a person? No.
3. Is this an animal? Yes.
4. Wild animal? No.
5. Pet? Yes.
6. Lives with a person? No.
7. Lives in a stable? Yes.
8. Does it give milk? Yes.
9. Is this a cow? No.
10. Is this a goat? Yes.

For older children and schoolchildren, the rules of the game gradually become more complicated:

1. limit the number of questions asked;
2. we complicate the hidden objects.

The riddle about the chair could look like this from this angle.

Mother and child play. The child makes a wish for a thing. Condition: in the first game the item must be within sight. Suppose a child thinks of the word “chair”. Mom asks questions:

1. Is the item alive? No.
2. Do I see him? Yes.
3. Is it wooden? Yes.
4. Does it have four legs? Yes.
5. Do they eat on it? No.
6. Do they sleep on it? No.
7. Are they sitting on it? Yes.
8. Is this a chair? No.
9. Is this a chair? Yes

Then mother and child change roles. If a child has difficulty (and he will have difficulty) asking questions, we need help.

Riddles with comparisons and figurative meaning

The third group is riddles with comparisons and figurative meaning. It is difficult for a child to guess riddles of this nature - there is not enough knowledge. You can't cope here without an adult!

This is the dialogue we had with a six-year-old citizen about the riddle:

The white tablecloth covered the whole earth. (Snow)

• What does the riddle say? About the tablecloth.
• Does mom have a tablecloth at home? Yes.
• Why is it needed? Set the table.
• The tablecloth is very large, is it enough for the whole earth? No (laughs).
• So is this a real tablecloth covering the whole earth? No.
• What looks like a tablecloth is lying on the ground?
• Snow!

The most important thing in solving a riddle is not how quickly it will be solved. The main thing is that the kid was looking for a solution and thinking.

Teach preschoolers to solve riddles. The site Non-standard children wishes you success!

How can you spend your time interestingly and at the same time usefully? Have you thought about TV? computer games, Internet? You guessed wrong! IN exciting game You can turn into solving puzzles, charades, and logic problems. But even the most ordinary riddle requires the right approach. So, how to solve the riddle?

"Mysterious" story

It is not known when the first riddles appeared. They are mentioned in both ancient Greek myths and Russian fairy tales. Riddles most often act as a kind of test that the hero must go through. Transmitted through riddles folk wisdom, ideas about the world around us, about the connection between objects and phenomena, etc. The attitude towards riddles as entertainment was formed much later.

Why are riddles needed?

A riddle is a description of an object or phenomenon given in an allegorical form. The object in the riddle is not named directly. The concept of it is given through images, similar phenomena, individual signs, comparisons or denials.

Therefore, searching for an answer helps to understand the world, develops attentiveness and observation. We teach children to solve riddles in order to instill imaginative thinking and show the beauty of Russian speech (using the example of folk riddles). Rebuses help in mastering grammar, puzzles develop logic and intelligence.

Secrets of solving

The main thing in any task is the details. If you need to solve a riddle, you should:

• listen or read carefully; do not rush to answer;
• identify the most important features of the object, but do not discard the secondary ones;
• establish a connection between features or with other objects;
• combine these features;
• All that remains is to draw a conclusion, that is, to tell the answer.
• Finally, you need to justify your answer to make sure it is correct.

Every age has its own riddles

Young children perceive riddles better when the “solution” is before their eyes or in the form of an illustration in a book. After all, kids may simply not have enough knowledge and experience of comparisons. Rhyming riddles are great, where the answer suggests itself.

From the age of 4, you can resort to figurative comparisons, and later to riddles based on denial (Doesn’t bark, doesn’t bite, and doesn’t let him into the house).

Younger schoolchildren love deception riddles in which the intended rhyme is not the correct answer: The fastest person to rush out of fear is...(the turtle?) - the hare.

Puzzles and charades help diversify learning activities. For example, when part of a word is replaced by pictures or numbers (the word “forget-me-not” is depicted as the syllables “neza” and dog kennel).

Special tasks stand out that develop logical thinking and intelligence:

• What is lighter than 1 kg of apples or 1 kg of sand?
• Why does a duck swim?
• Petya and Sasha ran 60 km together. How far did each person run?

Thus, solving riddles is a fascinating process, the result of which can be a competition to come up with your own puzzles.

Riddles develop in children the ability to identify essential features of an object or phenomenon, to prove the correctness of their solution, as well as reproductive imagination (i.e., the ability to create an image of an object based on its verbal description). However, in order for the process of solving a riddle to have a developmental effect, it is necessary to develop certain skills in the child.

It is necessary to teach the child to identify the signs of an unknown object indicated in the riddle and compare these signs with each other. This comparison gradually leads to the answer.

Failure to do these steps makes it difficult to find the correct answer.

Thus, answers are often built on the basis of only one sign, the most striking and understandable. Other signs are simply ignored. Or all signs are taken into account except one, but very important one. As a result, the mystery remains unsolved. It also happens that a child deliberately discards one of the signs named in the riddle if it interferes with the intended answer, or replaces it with his own, corresponding to the apparent answer.

For a correct, well-founded answer, the child must learn to identify all the features named in the riddle. Until the riddle is solved, it is impossible to say which of the given signs is the most important. This can be understood only after the riddle has been solved, based on a comparison of the indicated features. That is why, when guessing, one must proceed from the fact that all signs are necessary and equally significant.

If a child finds it difficult to find a solution, there is no need to tell the answer right away and explain the answer, even if the child asks for it. The main thing is not to guess quickly, but to ensure that the correct answer is found as a result of the correct conclusion. Quick prompts deprive the child of the opportunity to think. He gets used to ready-made answers and gradually loses interest in riddles in general.

By the way, it is better for very young children to make riddles using visual material, because They don’t yet know how to build a mental image.

Practical task
Give your child a riddle.

From 0 to one year

Who is this baby?

Sit in front of the mirror with your baby on your lap. Ask: "Who is this baby?" Wave your baby's hand and say, "Hi, baby."

Ask: “Where are the baby’s legs?” Wave your baby's legs and say, "Hello, legs."

Continue asking questions and moving different parts of your child's body.

Shake your head, wave your hand, clap your hands, and so on.

This riddle game stimulates the child’s brain activity and speeds up the speech process.

From 1 to 4 years

Any visual riddles are suitable for such children.

Whose children?

An adult shows the child pictures of animals: cats, dogs, kids, cows. The child names the animals, guessing what sounds they make. Then the adult offers to play the game: “Whose babies?”, where you need to match the pictures of “adult animals” with pictures depicting their babies.

Round-square.

After learning what a circle and a square are, ask your child to find round and square toys in his corner, and find round and square objects in the room.

Mind reading.

An adult says to a child: “I wished for what’s on your head.” The child is asked to guess. Guess: "hair". "I wished for something that floats in the aquarium." Etc. etc.

From 5 and older

Word riddles are already suitable for such children. Here are riddles starting with the letter A

The maple leaves have turned yellow
Flew to the countries of the south
Swift-winged swifts.
What month is it, tell me?
(August)

Doesn't fly, doesn't buzz, the beetle runs down the street.
And two brilliant lights burn in the beetle’s eyes
(Car)

Look, the house is standing, filled to the brim with water,
Without windows, but not gloomy,
Transparent on four sides.
The residents of this house are all skilled swimmers.
(Aquarium)

There are thirty-three heroes on the page of the primer.
Every literate person knows wise men and heroes.
(Alphabet)

I'm standing on the roof - higher than all the pipes
(Antenna)

Striped balls came to us from melons
(Watermelons)

My friend has been to such a port,
Where there is no water around at all,
But they kept coming to this port
Ships with people and cargo.
(Airport)

Mikhailova Tatyana Anatolyevna

Riddles- these are real logical puzzles that pose questions:What? Where? Why? From what has been done?;and show different sides subject: then they pay attention to appearance, then indicate the essence, then its purpose.

Educational psychologists have found that learning preschoolers solving riddles You can start at three years old. A riddle is nothing more as a question, therefore from a very early age it is necessary wish them upon children. In the Old Russian language the word “guess” meant “to think”, “to reflect”. Making riddles, You will teach your child to reason, draw conclusions and prove his point of view. The more riddles You will make a riddle about one object, the more fully the child will study it. Moreover riddles can be made not only by taking them from books and magazines, but by inventing them together with the child, while walking in the park or outside the city.

Often parents are surprised that the child does not know the answer to what seems to be such an easy riddle, and make the mistake of rushing to suggest the answer. Not need to hurry, but it’s better to teach the child to guess them, take them apart into “parts”, ask a leading question, explain. After all, a correctly and independently found answer is the result of the right train of thought. In addition, getting used to ready-made solutions, children lose interest in the subject of conversation.

Riddles- This is one of the oldest genres of poetry. But it is interesting that most of the ones that arose a long time ago riddles, are perceived by us as quite modern. For example, riddle about carrots: “A beautiful maiden sits in prison, and her braid is on the street”- was perceived equally in ancient times and now.

IN every word is important in a riddle. Therefore it must be pronounced clearly, clearly, with logical emphasis, maintaining pauses. Propose a riddle- means setting a task.

One important feature riddles is that that the answer should be original and unexpected, and sometimes make you smile.

Preschooler making riddles broadens your horizons and ideas about the world around you, they help to activate attention, develop imagination, speech, curiosity, and train your memory.

Invent riddles,make a wish and solve them with your children. Good and interesting to you riddles!

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