Russian folk holidays presentation. Presentation "Russian folk holidays" Autumn holidays and rituals in Rus' presentation
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Didactic lesson project Subject: history, culture, traditions of the Russian people. Class: 7 "B". Teacher: Delemarskaya Valentina Georgievna. Topic: “Folk Orthodox holidays and customs of autumn.” Lesson type: non-traditional - skit.
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Lesson objectives You will be able to continue: Forming your speech based on stories about folk rituals; Developing the ability to work independently; The ability to convey folk flavor in a song, story, dramatization (artistry, expressiveness)
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Paganism and our idea of it. Every person from childhood remembers grandmother's fairy tales, sayings, instructive proverbs, mesmerizing lullabies. Folk wisdom, contained in them, fostered over the centuries respect for the Russian people and admiration for their talent. In the lessons of IKTRN and Russian literature, you got acquainted with sayings, proverbs, fairy tales - with everything that the Russian language is so rich in. In our lessons we study the customs of the Russian people and their history. We already know why New Year decorate the Christmas tree, what is Maslenitsa, Carols, Since ancient times, the history of the origin of Slavic culture has been associated with mythology. And today the culture of the pagan worlds is close to us.
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Proverbs and sayings about autumn: In autumn, they slurp milk with a match: they dip it once, shake it twice, and then put it in their mouth. In autumn bad weather there are seven weathers in the yard: it sows, it blows, it twists, it stirs, it tears, it pours from above and sweeps from below. Autumn is the queen: jelly and pancakes, but spring is smooth: sit and watch. What you reap is what you thresh, what you thresh is what you put in the barn. In autumn, the crow also has a head of hair, not only the black grouse. Autumn rain is sown finely, but lasts a long time. In late autumn, one berry, and even then a bitter rowan. In autumn, livestock gets fatter, and people become healthier. Autumn is boastful, spring is fair. Autumn will give orders, and spring will say its own. Autumn is stocky, winter is stocked up. Autumn is the time to harvest. Autumn - eight weather changes. He grumbles like a skinny fly in autumn. In autumn, the crow has a shock of bread. Autumn will come and ask for everything. Chickens are counted in the fall. In autumn, the sparrow has a feast. In autumn the sparrow is also rich. Autumn brings bad weather.
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Proverbs and sayings about September: September sees off the red summer, welcomes the golden autumn. September takes the caftan off his shoulder and puts on a sheepskin coat. In September there is one berry, and that one is bitter rowan. September smells like apples, October smells like cabbage. In September there is fire both in the field and in the hut. September is cold, but full. September is the time of golden autumn. September is departure time. September is a magician of light. September is deciduous.
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Proverbs and sayings about October: October rides on a piebald mare: it loves neither the wheel nor the runner. In October, say goodbye to the sun, get closer to the stove. October will cover the earth, sometimes with leaves, sometimes with snow. October is cold, father, and November has chilled him too. In October, there is a hut with firewood, and a man in bast shoes. October is the month of the first snows, the first cold weather. October loves neither wheels nor runners. In October, not even a leaf can stick to a tree. Everyone would like October, but the peasant has no choice... October thunder means a snowless winter. In October, a man lives with caution. By October, the birches become bare.
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Proverbs and sayings about November: November is an off-road vehicle: now snow, now mud, now mud, now snow - neither the wheel nor the runner can move. In November, it may rain in the morning, and by the evening the snow may lie in drifts. November - September grandson, October son, winter brother. In November, the man says goodbye to the cart and climbs into the sleigh. The November frosts make the December frosts worse. In November, dawn meets dusk in the middle of the day. In November, autumn - the fat woman fights with the feisty one - in winter. In November there will be snow - bread will arrive. November nights are dark before the snow. In November, winter fights with autumn. November is the gate of winter. November is the twilight of the year.
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Protection of the Blessed Virgin Mary. Protection of the Blessed Virgin Mary. This holiday was established by the Russian Orthodox Church in memory of the miraculous appearance of the Mother of God in the Blacher Church of Constantinople in the 10th century. The Mother of God prayed for a long time, and then, approaching the throne of the temple, she took off the veil (veil) from Her head and spread it over the people praying in the temple, thereby signifying the protection She provided to the entire Christian world from visible and invisible enemies.
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Historical background. Saracens (Greek Σαρακηνός - “eastern people”) are a people mentioned by the ancient Roman historian of the 4th century Ammianus Marcellinus and the Greek scientist of the 1st - 2nd centuries. n. e. Ptolemy. A nomadic bandit tribe, Bedouins, who lived along the borders of Syria. Since the Crusades, European authors began to call all Muslims Saracens, often using the term “Moors” as a synonym. The term is currently used by historians to refer to the population of the Arab Caliphate in the period before the conquest of the Abbasid Caliphate by Hulagu, as a result of the Middle East campaign of the Mongols. (VII - XIII centuries).
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Treats of the Brownie (14) October (leaf fall) Intercession - (with the introduction of Christianity, this holiday was celebrated in honor of the Blessed Virgin Mary and her miraculous payment). IN folk tradition On this day, the meeting of Autumn with Winter was celebrated and the roots of this holiday go very deep. Popular beliefs associated the name itself with the first frost that “covered” the ground, indicating the proximity of winter cold, although the exact name of the holiday has not been preserved. The Day of the Intercession coincided with the end of field work and serious preparation for winter. Around these days they began to heat in huts: spinners and weavers began to work. On this day, the Brownie goes to bed and in connection with this the ritual of “Baking corners” was associated. The brownie was asked to keep the house warm in winter, they baked special “blini”, small pancakes, and the first pancake was divided into 4 parts and carried to the corners of the hut as an offering, so that the spirit of the house would be well-fed and calm. On this day, girls asked Lada for marriage (during Christianity they began to ask
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Matchmaking - painting of the 18th-19th centuries After the wedding, a feast was held. The veil, which hid the face of the bride and the wedding party from the groom and guests, was replaced by a “woman’s headdress” - a warrior. During this ritual, the bride had to cry, and women and girls had to sing sad songs. Unequal marriage, they unraveled my braid with tears, and with tears they led me in marriage... Wedding feast
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Festive festivities Round dances and games were timed to coincide with various folk pagan holidays. Holidays coincided with field work, seasons, with various signs, with seasonal work in the field. In Rus', field work ended by autumn, the grain was put into bins, and the time of folk festivities and fun began.
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Riddles for children A lot of riddles about autumn, the autumn months and much more... Autumn came to visit us and brought it with it... What? Say it at random! Well, of course...
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Children's poems - riddles about the autumn month - September. They will tell you about the most beautiful autumn month. The collective farm garden is empty, Cobwebs are flying into the distance, And cranes have flocked to the southern edge of the earth. School doors opened. What month has it come to us? (…….)
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Riddles about October. The face of nature is becoming increasingly gloomy: The vegetable gardens have turned black, the forests are becoming bare, the bird voices are falling silent, the bear has fallen into hibernation. What month did he come to us? (……..)
Elena Martyanova
Presentation “Russians folk holidays»
What's happened holidays?The explanatory dictionary gives several explanations of this word. A day of celebration established in honor of some outstanding event. A day specially celebrated by custom or church. Just a day off, a non-working day (from the word « idleness» - doing nothing).
Life Russians people in the distant past consisted of everyday work and holidays. On weekdays they plowed, sowed, reaped, worked in workshops, raised children, and kept house. But the time was coming holidays- it was a time of relaxation, fun, joy, when people felt that they were all one big family, everyone was gathering for festive table , everyone is smartly dressed and wishes each other love, happiness, health, a good harvest, goodness in the home, peace and fun in the heart and soul. Holiday there were days in Russia many:140-150 per year. These holidays were aimed at improving people's health and well-being. Customs, rituals, the conduct itself holidays passed down from century to century, from elders to younger ones, like a great treasure, common wealth, in them Russian a person revealed his character, his soul, beauty, culture.
Maslenitsa – holiday farewell to winter and welcome to spring
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FOLK HOLIDAYS IN Rus'. CHRISTMAS - CAROLS. Christmastide is the 12 days from January 7 to January 19. Christmas time begins with the Nativity of Christ. These days.
PROJECT “RUSSIAN FOLK TALES” Educator: Elena Grigorievna Kropotova Duration of the project: from October 10 to October 14 First stage.
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One of the main altar celebrations for the Orthodox is the Intercession of the Most Holy Theotokos (Protection?). This bright holiday, shrouded in many traditions and beliefs, was established by the Russian Orthodox Church in the mid-12th century and is celebrated annually on October 14th. Saint Prince Andrei Bogolyubsky, grandson of Vladimir Monomakh, showed concern for this.
The cover is the beginning of winter. As a rule, the celebration of the Most Holy Theotokos coincides with the first frosts and snowfall, so farmers try to remove the crops from the fields by this time and make the necessary preparations for the winter. The cattle were no longer driven out to pasture and were transferred to winter feed.
Pokrov is the period of weddings. The snow covering the fields on Pokrov is in many ways reminiscent of a bride's veil and wedding bedspreads. This shows the connection between the celebrations. At this time, the period of round dances and festivities ended, and gatherings began. Young people spent time doing needlework, singing, talking, caroling and chanting. According to ancient beliefs, a marriage entered into on the day of the celebration of the Intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mary will be happy and long. Therefore, at this time there was a series of weddings. And girls who did not have a groom lit candles in the church in front of the icon of the Intercession of the Virgin Mary, praying for a speedy successful marriage, made conspiracies, told fortunes and performed rituals to attract their betrothed to the house, and generally tried to spend this day in fun and entertainment.
The cover is intercession. People associated with the military profession considered this holiday to honor the intercession that helped them win the most difficult battles. Since ancient times, the Mother of God of the Intercession has been considered the patroness of the Zaporozhye Cossacks. The main temple in the Sich was Pokrovsky, and the patronal (temple) holiday was celebrated accordingly on October 14. For this reason, the Cossacks always proclaimed a prayer for protection and deliverance before the campaign. And then they returned with gratitude. One of the ways of showing gratitude for the help and patronage of the Russian troops in the battle with the Turks, which began on October 1, 1552 (the eve of the Intercession) and ended with the capture of Kazan, was the construction of the Cathedral of the Intercession of the Mother of God by order of Ivan the Terrible. Nowadays this is the main temple located on Red Square in Moscow - St. Basil's Cathedral.
Slavic holidaysin Rus' from time immemorial, they were subject to the natural system, and each of them was not only justified from the point of view of pagan mythology, but also directly related to the weather and the change of seasons. The entire Slavic calendar was subject to this system, for example, winterholidays - it was Christmastide, spring and summer - Maslenitsa, Ivan Kupala, andautumn Slavic holidaysoccupied a special place in the life of every Slav. And one of theseholidays were September 9 - the holiday of Autumn. At all autumnThe period among the ancient Slavs is considered one of the most important from the point of view of the worship of the gods, since it is accompanied by a large number of different ritual and ritual actions. This was due to the end of the harvest and the completion of preparations for winter period, people rejoiced at the results of their hard work and thanked the gods for their mercy. Our ancestors, especially farmers, considered the beginning of the new year to be unusual for modern man January, and September was the month when the harvest took place. During thisautumnthe ancient Slavs celebrated eight very important months at onceholidays. Each of them has its own hidden sacred meaning, but at the same time is interconnected. From the first weekautumn celebration beganand honoring the goddess Mokosh, then September 8-9 were dedicated to the prayers of the most revered gods Rod and Rozhanitsa, and September 9 became a nationalcelebration of Osenin - harvest festival. On these days, our ancestors not only glorified their gods, but also presented gifts in order to appease them for the whole next year. Also, according to some dataAutumn holidays were celebrated(14, 21 and 27)
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Autumn holidays in Russian traditions Prepared by: Antipova E.Yu.
The fair is not only a trade, but also a great folk festival, a display of all folk art.
Harvest Festival Harvest Festival Autumn decorates the squares with colorful foliage. Autumn feeds the birds, animals and you and me with a harvest. And in the gardens, and in the vegetable garden, And in the forest, and by the water, nature has prepared all kinds of fruits. The fields are being harvested - people are collecting bread. The mouse drags the grain into the hole so that there will be lunch in the winter.
Pokrov day (Pokrov, Intercession) - day on folk calendar Eastern Slavs, falling on October 1 (14). In folk tradition, this day marked the meeting of autumn and winter. Associated with the beginning of evening girls' gatherings and the autumn wedding season. The name of the holiday is associated with the first snow that “covered” the ground, indicating the proximity of winter cold. Around these days, they began to drown in huts in the south of Russia and Ukraine, cattle were no longer driven out to pasture, and all field and garden work was completed. Peasant winter began with Intercession, and youth winter “conversations” began. Pokrov day
The Russian people are distinguished by a rich culture, multiple customs and colorful folklore. National culture, like memory, distinguishes the Russian people from others, allows one to feel a genuine connection between times and generations, and provides an opportunity to receive vital support and spiritual support.
Basically, the customs and traditions of the Russian people are connected with the calendar, and with church sacraments, holidays and difficult rituals. The calendar in Rus' was called a monthly calendar, which covered and described absolutely the entire year of life of the peasants. In it, each day corresponded to certain holidays or weekdays, folk signs, all kinds of weather phenomena, customs, traditions and superstitions.
The folk calendar was agricultural, which was significantly reflected in the names of the months, and was a kind of encyclopedia that included and continues to include agricultural experience, norms of social life, and rituals.
And although any holiday is, first of all, joy and fun, you will never confuse a festive celebration in a fishing village on the shores of the Baltic Sea with a holiday in a high-mountain village or in the Kazakh steppe. So what are they, Russians? national holidays? They are the same as our land, the same as the Russian character - broad, bright, free-spirited, with irrepressible joy and slight sadness.
The word "holiday" comes from the Old Slavonic word "prazd", meaning rest, idleness. Therefore, most Russian folk holidays were associated with the working agricultural calendar, with the change of seasons. They began and completed all stages of peasant labor. What was allowed and what was prohibited on Russian holidays? It was considered bad manners to quarrel and use foul language these days, to mention illnesses and other unpleasant things. It was considered a special sin to offend someone on a holiday. Even an enemy was supposed to do something good, or better yet, forget the offense and make peace. Well, everything else that the soul desired was allowed - to walk, have fun on a grand scale and daring.
Elena Antipova
Presentation “Autumn holidays in Russian traditions”
Slavic holidays in Rus' from time immemorial, they were subject to the natural system, and each of them was not only justified from the point of view of pagan mythology, but also directly related to the weather and the change of seasons. The entire Slavic calendar was subject to this system, for example, winter holidays - it was Christmastide, spring and summer - Maslenitsa, Ivan Kupala, and autumn Slavic holidays occupied a special place in the life of every Slav. And one of these holidays were September 9 - the holiday of Autumn. At all autumn The period among the ancient Slavs is considered one of the most important from the point of view of the worship of the gods, since it is accompanied by a large number of various ritual and ritual actions. This was associated with the end of the harvest and the completion of preparations for the winter period, people rejoiced at the results of their hard work and thanked the gods for their mercy. Our ancestors, especially farmers, considered the beginning of the new year not the usual January for modern people, but the month of September, when the harvest took place. During this autumn the ancient Slavs celebrated eight very important months at once holidays. Each of them has its own hidden sacred meaning, but at the same time is interconnected. From the first week autumn celebration began and honoring the goddess Mokosh, then September 8-9 were dedicated to the prayers of the most revered gods Rod and Rozhanitsa, and September 9 became a national celebration of Osenin - harvest festival. On these days, our ancestors not only glorified their gods, but also presented gifts in order to appease them for the whole next year. Also, according to some data Autumn holidays were celebrated(14, 21 and 27)
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Pedagogical Council “Business game “About Russian customs, traditions and folk art” Pedagogical Council Business game: “About Russian customs, traditions and folk art» senior teacher of the Omsk BDOU “Kindergarten No. 312.