Sensory games: developing tactile sensations. Sensory games to develop tactile sensations Tactile games for babies

In addition to their sight and hearing, young children, exploring the world around us, also use tactile sensations. That’s why they like to sculpt from plasticine, rustle with candy wrappers, splash in water, and run a pencil along paper or the walls of the room. The task of parents is to direct the sensory absorption of the flow of information in the necessary direction through games, thereby opening up wider learning opportunities for their child. Tactile games develop children's perception of all kinds of objects through touch. The child learns to recognize them, compare them, and identify the differences between them.

Examples of tactile games.

You can put buttons of different textures and sizes, figures, rings, etc. into a “magic bag”. Invite your child to hold the button. Then, draw his attention to the fact that the little button jumped into the bag and hid. Let the baby find it by touch among the other things there. Create a tactile book-album in which samples of all kinds of fabric scraps will be stored: silk, wool, burlap, sandpaper, bag, velvet and others. Flip through, look at the album with your child, invite him to tactilely determine the properties of this or that material: soft, hard, rough or smooth, prickly or fluffy. Closing his eyes, the child will try to guess what you put in his palm. It could be a chestnut, a pine cone, a ball, vegetables, fruits, etc. Hide a toy in cereals, such as buckwheat. The baby will make every effort to find your surprise.

Poems for tactile games with your baby.

Spout met spout

His nose butted his nose.

And then he said “hello”

I kissed my entire nose!

Legs, legs, stomps!

Jumping, running errands.

Legs grow strong

They'll be running fast soon!

Handles, handles, all grips

Hugs mom tightly,

We'll pull our hands up

We'll soon reach everyone!

Heels, pink heels,

Let's play hide and seek with mom!

Mom hid: peek-a-boo!

I can find her!

This soft belly

He gave us a hippopotamus!

If you kiss the belly,

The baby will laugh.

The hedgehog has bristles

Our smooth back!

Here is a centipede running -

This is mom's hand.

Nose, nose, nose -

Hole on the right, hole on the left

And at the end there is a bell,

He rings when he wants.

Cheeks, sweet cheeks

Tender as petals.

Cheek - one and cheek - two!

It's time to kiss!

Everyone's ears hear perfectly,

Our ears are naughty!

When the eyes are fast asleep,

Mom's ears are watching over her.

An angel came to us

Sat on our right toe

Swung and took off -

He sat down on his head.

A titmouse flew to us

Sat on (name)'s eyelashes

She covered her eyes with her wings,

So that (name) dreams of fairy tales.

Poems for games in the bathroom.

Rain, rain, have fun! (spray the baby with a spray bottle)

Drip, drip, don't be sorry!

Just don't kill us!

Don't knock on the window in vain -

Splash more into the field:

The grass will become thicker!

That's how it rains!

Rain, rain, let it rain, (water the crumbs from a watering can)

We'll run behind the bushes

Let's stand under the aspen tree,

Let's cover ourselves with a basket!

Look how the rain is falling.

Rain, rain, harder - (water the crumbs from the ladle)

The grass will be greener

Flowers will grow

On our lawn.

Rain, rain, more,

Grow, grass, thicker.

That's how heavy the rain came.

It's raining, it's raining, it's pouring down,

Get the little kids wet!

"Rails-rails." Place the baby on his tummy. Stroke him on the back with various movements, saying the rhyme:

Rails-rails, (we stroke the child along the back with our index finger)

Sleepers, sleepers, (we stroke the child across the back)

The train was late. (with a hand bent into a fist, we run along the child’s back with light pressure)

From the last carriage

Suddenly peas fell out. (lightly and quickly tap the baby on the back with your fingertips)

The chickens came and pecked (with the index finger we “place dots” on the back with jerky movements)

The ducks came and plucked them (lightly pinch the child’s skin)

An elephant came and trampled (we put “footprints” on the back with our palm)

The janitor came and cleaned everything up. (we stroke the back with our fingertips - “sweep away”).

With the help of such a simple massage game, the child learns to distinguish between different forces of influence on skin, associate the strength and nature of touch with the actions of the characters in the poem. Massage movements develop skin sensitivity, stimulate skin receptors, which contributes to the development tactile sensations.

Sensory development is the development of a child’s perception through the senses (vision, hearing, touch, smell) and the formation of ideas about the external properties of objects (shape, size, color, position in space, smell, taste, etc.).

Today we will look at games to develop tactile sensations. They are suitable for both children and schoolchildren. In addition, these games can be played by the whole family and children can be involved in the overall game. different ages. Just don’t forget to make the task a little easier for the kids. The games are selected based on minimal time and material costs, and must be played on the go. In the future, decide for yourself what to play with your child.

You need to select things around the house, toys from different materials and shapes: rubber, wood, metal (spoons, for example), plastic, fabric; slippery, rough, warm, cold, soft and hard.

We give it to the kids, name it and remember it. Then we play. For schoolchildren, you can immediately complicate the games by closing your eyes.

Remember the subject

You need to touch the child’s hand with different objects, naming the properties of the object and the sensations from the touch. You can use a feather, toys with different textures, mittens, washcloths, in general, everything that is in your arsenal. And then we touch again, but only with eyes closed. The child must remember his feeling and name this object.

Sensory toys

Here you need to show a little imagination and make small toys with various fillings. It will be interesting for the child to feel them through the fabric; this will become a kind of massage for the active areas of the hands.

As fillers you can use beans, buckwheat, peas, pasta with curls, shells, spirals, buttons, coins, and beads.

I offer several options:

1. The simplest thing: regular balloons. Try to choose a tighter one. In addition to the above fillers, the balls can be filled with water, starch, flour, semolina and modeling dough (flour + water + salt).

By the way, our grandmothers and mothers made balls with starch in Soviet times.

Rubber gloves can be substitutes for balls.

2. You can use no longer needed baby socks as bags.
3. Sunny. It is sewn quite simply: two circles of the same size and rays around the perimeter, which can be made from different ribbons, braid and fabric. At the base of the sun, place several peas, buttons or beads, of different sizes. And if you make it without the rays, you get a bun.

Especially creative moms, having sewing machine and sewing skills, they can create books and rugs for babies with applications from different fabrics, with buttons and fasteners...

In general, it all depends on your imagination and available materials.

Water games

These games are fun to play in the bathroom.

How to play:

1. Pour water into different containers, pour from one to another, determine where the water is warm and where it is cold.
2. Use toy dishes, arrange a “tea party” or “dinner party”, the child himself will “serve the food” or pour “tea” into cups.
3. Offer to play with the sponge, squeeze it out, you can give soap to lather the sponge and “wash” the bathtub, wall, faucet. Offer to rub the soft side of the sponge and the hard side and compare the sensations.
4. Invite your baby to wash himself with a washcloth himself.
5. Invite the student to determine, for example, how many cups of water will fit in the pan?

Soap games

Games with soap bubbles are not only interesting for children, but also help develop hand motor skills and sense of touch. The baby performs movements that are difficult for him, dipping sticks and frames into the solution.

"Bubble Dancing" Take a piece wool fabric and place it on your palm (you can take a scarf). Try to juggle bubbles, throw them and catch them. The bubbles will seem to dance on your hands.

"King soap bubbles". Moisten the oilcloth spread on the table and your hands with the soapy solution. Blow a bubble on the “soapy” oilcloth with a tube, and with soapy hands you can easily pierce the bubble and it will not burst.

If, after the first bubble is blown, the cocktail tube is dipped into the solution again, you can carefully pierce the bubble and blow out a smaller one inside. This way you can make a lot of nesting doll bubbles.

"Magic hands" Make a ring with your thumb and forefingers, dip it in the solution and blow out bubbles.

It's simple. Sleight of hand and no fraud.

Now on sale you can find frames for bubbles of different shapes and sizes: squares, ovals, stars, hearts, clouds. But you can make them yourself from thick wire.

Find out the figure

Lay it out on the table geometric shapes, the same as those lying in the bag (Dienesh Blocks (thick, thin), Kuziner sticks, blocks or identical Lego pieces). We show the child any figure or detail and ask the child to feel in the bag and take out the same one.

For kids, we first introduce the concept of “same.” We show one Lego piece, then the second and say that this is the same. Then we ask you to select from the two offered the same as the one on our table (in your hand).

Recognize an object by touch

1. On the table we lay out or arrange:

Various vegetables: cucumber, tomato, carrot, pepper, onion, eggplant...
- dishes: large and small spoons, cups, mugs, teapot, plate, saucer
- clothes: T-shirt, T-shirt, dress, skirt, shorts...
- toys

Now let’s close our eyes and let’s try to determine what this object is.

Later we will complicate the task and select objects of a certain shape (round, square, etc.) and sizes (large, small), you can choose according to the properties of the materials: plastic objects, metal, glass, paper, fabric...

You can play with your children and compete to see who can quickly select items with certain properties.

This fun game will brighten up your leisure time and help develop your child’s ability to identify objects by touch, their shape and texture.

2. Remember, there used to be a wonderful game: the driver was blindfolded, spun around, he approached the nearest player and determined by touch who it was. We will modify this game and will play with furniture (table, chair, sofa...). The game is suitable for children aged 5 years and younger.

We blindfold the schoolchild, spin him around and lead him to one of the objects: “Guess!”

3. We put balls of different sizes in a large box, ask you to close your eyes and catch, for example, a big bunny or a small mouse. The child will learn to determine the size of objects and call it in words.

Find a match

It’s not difficult to make the game yourself at home, the main thing is to find more pairs of samples that are different to the touch. You will need various pieces of fabric, sponges, etc.

You can play in several ways:

We ask the child (baby - with with open eyes, schoolchild - with closed ones) find a smooth or velvet object (piece of fabric) among those offered;

We take one object, and then by touch we look for the same one.

To prevent the game from becoming boring, it can be complicated by adding additional features to the samples, for example, a large round button with holes or a small round button with a convex pattern, etc.

Here is a list of what can be used for the game (materials that feel different to the touch):

1. Fabrics (as available):

Cotton
- synthetic fabrics
- felt
- corduroy (large, small)
- velvet and velor
- leather
- smooth fabric (for example, lining)
- fleece
- coarse fabric (for example, furniture upholstery)
- any “prickly” fabric
- fabric with sequins
- silk and satin
- fur
- fabric with relief
- the fabric is fleecy (like a sheep).

2. Buttons of various shapes and sizes.

3. Velcro on both sides.

4. Velvet and textured paper.

5. Cotton wool or cotton pads.

6. Threads or yarn.

7. Oilcloth and plastic bag.

9. Small rhinestones on adhesive tape (sold in stores).

10. A piece of rubber mat.

11. Washcloth.

13. Peach pits, apricot pits...

The samples can be left as is, or you can glue them to identical pieces of thick paper and you will get wonderful cards.

The above toys are very easy to make yourself without serious financial costs, and any mother can do it.

Sensory boxes

Children love to play in the sand, dig, build castles, roads... But which parent decides to build a sandbox at home so that it is accessible to the child? all year round and in any weather? The answer is obvious.

There is an environmentally friendly sand substitute - kinetic sand, but it is quite expensive. You can make a completely economical alternative - a sensory box.

The sensory box is a plastic container that is filled with various materials.

There are now many containers on sale that are suitable for this purpose. Give preference to rectangular boxes. Look carefully at what height of the box will be convenient for your child, so that the fillers and toys do not spill out on the floor and it is convenient for your child to play with it. And, of course, there must be a lid to prevent dust from getting in, and pets do not have the opportunity to dive into it.

Sensory boxes can be colored (all in one color) or themed. We fill themed boxes with toys related to the chosen theme. For example, seasons, farm, beach and so on. Thus, we will have a small play theater with decorations.

For very small children we choose large items.

Selecting materials for your miniature theater can be a separate exciting game.

Here sample list what can be poured into our treasury:

1. Rice or millet, in original color or dyed food coloring(for sensory boxes do not use gouache as some colors may stain your hands)
2. Beans, lentils, buckwheat, peas, semolina
3. Salt (regular or bath salt. Do not take salt with a strong tart odor so that the child does not develop an allergy)
4. Pasta (shells, curls, spirals, butterflies, etc.)
5. Small stones, pebbles, shells
6. Glass balls (for aquariums)
7. Cut paper, corrugated cardboard
8. Cotton balls 9. Buttons
10. Beads
11. Coins
12. Chestnuts
13. Acorns

Maybe you can come up with something else.

You will never get tired of this toy. And if this happens, its content can be easily changed and a new plot can be invented.

A baby’s sensory perception is an integral part of his full development. At a very early age, it manifests itself in the desire to taste everything, paint whatever wallpaper comes to hand, knock on pots and rustle paper. Develop the best personal qualities of the baby, enrich him inner world, as well as to introduce sensory games for children to the features of the surrounding space. The advantage of all sensory games for children is that they are completely safe and are aimed only at achieving positive results after they have been carried out.

Sensory games for young children

Sensory games for children early age are aimed at teaching the child to use all his senses (smell, sight, hearing, touch, taste) to obtain the greatest amount of information about the objects that surround us. With their help, the baby can learn about the color, shape, weight, size, texture of a particular thing.

Let's look at some sensory games for young children:

• "Let's melt the ice." The essence of this game is to give the child an understanding of what state water can take depending on the change in temperature. So, first of all, put a piece of ice in a spoon and let your baby try it by touch. Then turn on the heat on the burner and melt the ice. Do this together so your child can see what happens to the ice. With great care, let your baby taste the water by touch, but make sure it is not hot. Otherwise, it may result in a burn.
• “Get the pebbles.” This sensory play for young children begins with mom or dad taking dry pebbles with the child and putting them in a bowl. After sprinkling sand on top of the stones, fill them with water and ask your child to take them out. Emphasize that now all the stones are wet and dirty. In order to remove them to a dry plate, they should first be washed in clean water.
• Complete the task called “Colored Water”. With it, you will give your baby an understanding of the differences between colors, and also do this in the form of an interesting sensory game for children. The task begins with pouring clean water into a 0.5 liter bottle. Place some colored paint in the lid. For such an experiment you will need 5 bottles and 5 different colors gouaches. Screw on the lids and let your child shake the containers. Discuss with your child that at first the water was clear, but after completing the actions it turned green, blue or red.
• "Mixing paints." Pour clean water into a jar and add red paint to it using a brush. Let your child take another brush and mix in the yellow color. After this, you will see that the water has acquired a green tint. Continue in this manner until the water is completely dirty. You can then place a small object in the bottom of the jar and paint over the water. Give your child the opportunity to understand what is in the container.
• Children really like the game “Water in a sieve”, which is best played in the bathroom while bathing the child. To do this, give your baby a sieve or a glass with holes and ask him to fill it with water. Observe what happens in the end.
• Sensory game for children “Drowning - will not drown” should in the best possible way Explain to your child why some objects sink in water and others do not. To do this, take a ball, a pebble, a metal car, a feather and observe what happens to them during the experiment.

I have molds bought from Ikea in the shape of fish and stars. Since the beginning of our water games, I have been thinking about how to use them? But nothing came to mind. And as soon as our hydrogel caught my eye, I immediately understood how we could play. My child really likes games on sensory development.

Mathematics for preschoolers

In the post On the surface of the water, Lyuba from the Clever Club, provided materials for downloading. So I used them, printing out several sea animals with white circles. I manually cut out multi-colored circles and wrote on them the correct answers to the examples located on sea animals. If you have self-adhesive circles like these, it will be even more interesting for your child to work with them.

I saw Alexander’s great interest in this lesson; he asked for new examples almost every day. First I made a fish, then an octopus, then there were animals counting in threes, sixes, eights. I think the idea is clear. V interesting games, is described in a separate article.

I also found this photo. We grew out of such ideas, and some of you may find them useful.

Math puzzles, numbers in French

Since we touched on the materials that Lyuba shared, I’ll write about one more thing that became quite interesting to Alexander. Cards with sea animals that need to be cut into strips, and then the child puts them in order, calling out the numbers. Numbers in Russian, English and Spanish are completely simple for Alexander, so I made the problem more difficult. I laid out all the sheets with numbers from 40 to 100 on the table.

It was a French evening, and in this language Alexander had to lay out the strips, calling each number out loud.

You can use the puzzle both in Russian and in the foreign language you are studying.

The child himself was interested to see which of the animals would appear in the picture. There are only six pictures, I will show four to give you an idea.

Educational games for children

The next day, Alexander wanted to take his “sea friends” to kindergarten. I don't mind at all, but it's forbidden to do this. And I promised that upon my return, a swimming pool with sea friends would be waiting for my son. It took me two minutes to prepare it. I put pebbles, glass dies, and sea figurines. I didn’t put the shells in because I felt that it would all end in swimming, and the edges of the shells were sharp.

Such a pool can be compared to a large sensory box, in which the child will sit with pleasure.

Alexander was delighted with what he saw and I invited him to play with the habitats of sea animals. First, it was necessary to put “on the shore” those animals that could leave the water.

A child’s sensory development is the development of his perception and the formation of ideas about the external properties of objects: their shape, color, size, position in space, as well as smell and taste. The importance of sensory development in early and preschool childhood is difficult to overestimate. It is this age that is most favorable for improving the functioning of the senses and accumulating ideas about the world around us.

Sensory development games for younger children preschool age aim to develop fine motor skills fingers, which in turn leads to improvement intellectual development, speech development. Sensory development, on the one hand, forms the foundation of the general mental development child, on the other hand, has independent significance, since full perception is also necessary for the child’s successful education in kindergarten, at school, and for many types of work activities.

Card index of didactic games on sensory education for young children (2-3 years old)

"Assemble a pyramid"

Goal: to develop the child’s orientation in contrasting sizes of objects.

Materials: pyramid of 4 – 5 rings.

Methodical techniques: the pyramid is assembled from a large one, consisting of 8 - 10 rings. For children of this age, such a pyramid is assembled through one ring, i.e., the difference in the size of the rings here is more contrasting.

“Folding a matryoshka doll with two inserts”

Goal: continue to learn simple actions with objects of different sizes.

Didactic material: a set of three nesting dolls (for each child and adult).

Methodological techniques: showing actions and comparing the sizes of different objects are accompanied by the words: open, close, small, large, smaller, larger, this, not that.

"Close the windows"

Goal: to teach children to correlate objects by shape and color at the same time.

Didactic material: 4 houses of different colors, with geometric shapes (windows) cut out in them.

Methodical techniques: close the windows in the houses with figures.

"Find the same one"

Didactic material: three balls, three cubes of the same color and size.

Methodological techniques: the teacher invites children, while playing, to find objects of the same shape

"Let's dress the doll"

Goal: matching paired objects of the same color to a sample.

Didactic material: mittens in red and blue colors.

Methodological techniques: the teacher invites the children to put mittens on the doll. Places 4 mittens in front of the children (2 red and 2 blue). He puts a red mitten on one hand and offers the children to put it on the other. If the children have completed the task, the game is repeated using blue mittens.

"Wonderful bag"

Goal: to consolidate children’s knowledge about shapes (cube, ball, brick).

Didactic material: bag with objects different shapes.

Methodical techniques: identify objects by touch.

“Put it in boxes”

Purpose: to fix children's attention to the color properties of objects.

Didactic material: colorful boxes, yellow and green figurines.

Methodological techniques: the teacher invites the children to match a yellow figurine to a box of the same color.

“Match the lid to the box”

Goal: selection of items according to the sample.

Didactic material: boxes of different shapes (round, quadrangular, rectangular, triangular) and corresponding lids.

Methodological techniques: the teacher, holding the child’s hand, traces the shape of the box’s opening with his finger. Then he shows the object, accompanying the action with a word. In front of the children, he lowers the object into the corresponding hole. After that, he offers the children this task.

"Colored sticks"

Goal: to fix children's attention on the color properties of toys, to form the simplest techniques for establishing the identity and color differences of homogeneous objects.

Didactic material: sticks of red, yellow, green, blue, white, black (10 of each color).

Methodological techniques: first, the teacher distributes the sticks himself, then invites one of the children to take any stick, see where the sticks of the same color are, and put them together, then do the same with a stick of a different color.

"Colored balls"

Goal: continue to strengthen the ability to group homogeneous objects by color.

Didactic material: colorful balls, baskets.

Methodological techniques: the teacher groups the first two pairs himself, placing balls of the same color (red) in one basket, and balls of a different color (yellow) in another basket, then involves the children in the grouping.

"Ribbons for dolls"

Goal: continue to teach how to fix attention on the size of objects and form the simplest techniques for establishing identity and color differences.

Didactic material: a box with ribbons of various lengths and colors, large and small dolls.

Methodical techniques: you need to dress up the dolls: for a large doll - a large bow, for a small doll - a small bow. For a big doll in blue dress Let's choose a large blue bow, and for a small doll in a red dress - a small red bow (perform together with the children). Then the children choose on their own.

“Let’s tie a string to the ball”

Goal: grouping objects by color.

Didactic material: multi-colored circles (ovals), sticks of the same colors.

Methodical techniques: find a stick of the same color next to the red circle.

“Stringing rings of decreasing size onto a rod.”

Goal: continue to teach simple actions with objects (removing and stringing rings), enrich the visual and tactile experience of children. Didactic material: conical pyramid of five rings

Methodical techniques: on the table, all the rings are laid out in increasing order to the right of the pyramid. Then the pyramid is assembled in the appropriate order. The adult explains: “This is the most big ring, this is smaller, this is even smaller, and here is the smallest.” Having covered the pyramid with the top, he invites the children to run their hands along the surface from top to bottom so that they feel that the pyramid is expanding downwards: all the rings are in place. The pyramid is assembled correctly.

"Pushing objects of different shapes into corresponding holes"

Goal: to teach children to compare objects by shape.

Didactic material: a box with holes of different shapes, the size of the holes in the box corresponds to the size of the cube and ball. It is important that the ball cannot fit into the hole for the cube, and the cube cannot fit into the round hole.

Methodological techniques: the teacher shows the children a box with holes, drawing their attention to the shape of the holes. By circling the round hole with his hand, the adult explains to the children that there is such a window; by circling the square hole, he says that there is also such a window. Then the teacher invites the children to place one ball at a time into the appropriate window.

"Funny Truck"

Goal: to form an idea of ​​the shape and size of objects.

Didactic material: various geometric colored shapes (circles, squares, large and small rectangles).

Methodological techniques: the teacher shows how to build a truck from figures.

“Placement of round inserts of different sizes in the corresponding holes”

Goal: to strengthen children’s ability to compare objects by size.

Didactic material: inserts with large and small holes.

Methodical techniques: first, the child is offered an insert to cover the large holes; after the baby places the insert in the appropriate slot, he is given a small insert for the small hole.

Games with clothespins

"Sun"

Goal: to learn to identify and name primary colors, to choose the desired color based on a sample.

Didactic material: yellow circle, clothespins of two colors.

"Hedgehog"

Goal: to teach children to make choices by size and word; alternate in color and size.

Didactic material: planar images of a hedgehog and a Christmas tree, clothespins in green, white, black colors.

"Men of Color"

Goal: to teach children to design according to a model, to name the main colors and shapes, to promote friendliness in children.

Didactic material: geometric shapes and clothespins.

"Funny Clothespins"

Goal: to teach children to correctly take and open a clothespin, find its location by color.

Didactic material: a transparent container with colored stripes glued along the edge, a set of colored clothespins.

"Find a suitable patch"

Goal: learn to find identical geometric shapes (planar and volumetric).

Didactic material: geometric shapes.

Methodological techniques: the teacher distributes stencils of geometric shapes. Children select a shape that matches the shape from the set and insert it into the slot.

Games for sensory development for children of primary preschool age (3-4 years old)

"Decorate the butterfly"

Goals:
Teach children to group objects by color. To consolidate knowledge about the geometric figure of a circle, about the concepts of many - one, large - small. Develop fine motor skills.
Materials:
Butterflies of different colors, cut out of cardboard, circles different sizes and flowers.
Progress of the game:
The teacher shows the children butterflies and says that they have come to visit them. He says that the butterflies brought mugs of different colors with them and want the children to decorate their wings. The teacher offers to help the butterflies. First, he asks each child to choose mugs of one color from the four offered. At the same time, he invites one or the other child to choose mugs of the color they like. After all the children have chosen, the teacher gives them silhouettes of butterflies and invites them to decorate them.
At the end of the game, the teacher praises all the children for decorating the butterflies and making them even more beautiful.

"Mend the bunnies' clothes"

Goals:
Teach children to distinguish colors and use color names in speech. Strengthen the ability to recognize geometric shapes and name them (circle, square, triangle). Develop fine motor skills, color perception, attention.
Materials:
Silhouettes of clothes, geometric shapes cut out of cardboard.
Progress of the game:
A hare appears with a basket and cries.
Educator: Why are you crying, little bunny?
Bunny: I bought gifts for my bunnies - shorts and skirts. While I was walking through the forest, I touched a bush and they tore. (Shows cardboard shorts and skirts).
Educator: Don’t cry, bunny, we will help you. Children, let's pick up patches and patch up the holes. What do the holes in skirts and shorts look like?
Children: triangle, square and circle.
Educator: Correct.
The hare places her shorts and skirts on “stumps” (tables), on which patches are laid out in advance. Children come to the tables and complete the task. The teacher asks each child what color patch he put on and what geometric figure it resembles.
Hare: Thank you very much children!

"Big and small balls."

Purpose: To teach to distinguish between color and size (large - small); develop a sense of rhythm; pronounce words rhythmically.
Game task. Pick up balls for dolls.
Game rule. Choose the right balls by color and size.
Progress of the game. The teacher gives balls of different colors (blue, green, red, yellow) and different sizes (large and small) to look at. Shows how they jump rhythmically and says: Jump and jump,
Everybody jump and jump
Sleep our ball
Not used to it.
The teacher brings out two dolls - a large and a small one - and says: “The big doll Olya is looking for a ball for herself. Little doll Ira also wants to play with the ball.” Invites the children to pick up balls for the dolls. Children select balls of the required size (for a large doll - big ball, for a small doll - a small ball). Doll Olya is capricious: she needs a yellow ball, like her skirt. Doll Ira is also angry: she needs a red ball, like her bow. The teacher invites the children to calm the dolls: pick them the right balls.

"Hide the mouse"

Goals:
Continue to introduce children to the six primary colors and teach them to distinguish them. Develop reaction speed, attention, thinking. Strengthen knowledge about animals.
Material:
Demonstration: pieces of paper of six colors (20 - 15), in the middle a white square (8-8), on which a mouse is drawn (mouse house), squares of the same six colors - doors (10x10), a large cardboard toy - a cat, a soft mouse.
Handout: this material is smaller in size - 10x8 colored sheets, 5x5 white squares on them, colored squares.
Progress of the game:
Look, guys, what a little guest we have today. Who is this, right, a mouse? How small, fluffy, and gray she is. Pet her. Children take turns petting the mouse.
- Do you know where the mouse lives? In a mink. Who is the mouse hiding from? From a cat. Look if there is a cat somewhere, otherwise our mouse is afraid. Can we help the mice hide in the hole? Now we will play with you the game “Hide the Mouse”.
First, we will learn to play it together. I have Mouse houses. I arrange three houses on the demonstration board, next to them I place six squares of six colors. You see mice peeking out the window.
To hide the mouse, you need to close the window with a door - a square of the same color as the house, otherwise the cat will come and see where the window is, open it and eat the mouse.
I call three children in turn and ask them to close three windows in turn, I find out whether all the windows are well closed.
If someone has made a mistake, I call the child to correct it. I take out the previously hidden cat, which goes to “catch mice.”
“I’ll go and find where the mouse lives here. Children, have you seen the mouse? The cat leaves without finding the mouse. The children are given one piece of paper - a “mouse house” (I give those sitting next to each one a piece of paper of different colors) and six squares of all colors. “Now hide your mice while the cat sleeps. From the squares that lie on your plates, choose a square of the same color as your mouse’s house.”
When all the children have completed the task, the cat “goes hunting” again. I walk at a stealthy pace with a cat in my arms, walk through the rows and see whose mouse is poorly hidden. At the same time, I give opportunity to children who have made mistakes. Correct the situation before the cat gets closer to them. If the mistake is not corrected, the cat takes the piece of paper with the mouse from the child.
Everyone played well today, everyone hid their mice, only some of the guys made mistakes (I indicate exactly what mistakes were made). Next time they will definitely hide the mice well.

Game “Hide the Mouse” second option

Goal: To learn to determine the names of various geometric shapes, to correlate slots and liners by shape and size.
For this game you need silhouettes of houses made of cardboard. There are mice painted in the windows of the houses. The windows on the houses are of different shapes: round, oval, square, triangular. You will also need covers for the windows (figures of the same shape and size as the windows in the houses). There should be one set of such houses and lids for each child. The teacher shows the children in which houses the mice have settled.
- They are looking out the windows now. Everyone’s windows are different: round, oval, square, triangular. The mice close these windows only at night, when they go to bed or when they see a cat nearby. Imagine that night has come and the mice need to close the windows. Take the lids and close the windows so that the shape of the window matches the shape of the lid, that is, so that the windows are tightly closed. (The teacher helps the children choose the right covers for the windows.)
- Okay, now it’s morning, the windows need to be opened.
The day has come.
Suddenly, look who appeared (the teacher takes out a toy cat)?! You need to quickly hide the poor mice so that the cat doesn't eat them!
The kids are closing the windows of the houses again, but now they are trying to do it as quickly as possible.
- The cat left because it didn’t find a single mouse. You can open the windows of the houses and let the mice admire the evening dawn. But then night comes again, the mice go to bed, you need to close the windows.

Games with clothespins

Goals:
Main goal didactic games with clothespins - development of fine motor skills in young children.
Also, these games are aimed at developing the ability to compare and combine objects based on color.
In addition, games with clothespins contribute to the development of a sense of one’s own movements and the formation of a positive attitude towards working together with an adult. They stimulate children's speech activity.
Progress of the game:
Adult: Guess the riddle.
I'm swimming under the bridge
And I wag my tail.
Children: This is a fish. Adult: (shows a picture of a fish). That's right, it's a fish. Look at the picture and show me where the fish’s eye is?
Children show their little eyes
Adult: Where is her mouth?
Children show the mouth of a fish in the picture.
Adult: Where is her tail and fins?
Children show tail and fins.
Adult: Now let's make the fish ourselves.
Children need to choose clothespins that match the color and add a tail and fins to each fish.
Adult: Guess who this is:
On the back there are needles, long, prickly.
And he curls up into a ball - no head, no legs.
Children: This is a hedgehog. Adult: (shows a picture of a hedgehog). That's right, it's a hedgehog. Show me where his eyes, nose, ears are?
Children show.
Adult: Let's help our hedgehog find the needles.
An adult gives the child a hedgehog cut out of colored cardboard, on which eyes, ears, and a nose are drawn, but there are no needles. Children attach clothespins to the back of the hedgehog.
Adult: (stroking the hedgehog on his new needles). Oh! What a prickly hedgehog has become!
Here's a new mystery.
The prickly, green one was cut down with an axe.
A beautiful, green one was brought to our house.
Children. This is a Christmas tree.
Adult: Yes, it’s a Christmas tree, but it’s crying. She lost all her needles. Don't cry, don't cry, Christmas tree! We will help you.
An adult distributes triangles cut out of green cardboard to the children. Children choose green clothespins from the box and “return” its needles to the tree.
Adult: (stroking the Christmas tree). Oh! The Christmas tree has pins and needles!
Adult: Where is the sun? It has lost its rays. What color are the rays of the sun?
Children. Yellow.
Adult: That's right. Let's help the sun. Sun, look out, yellow, shine.

Polyanka

Goals:
Learn to group objects by color.
Establish identities and differences in color of homogeneous objects.
Learn to understand the words “color”, “this”, “not like this”, “different”.
Progress of the lesson:
Educator: Children want to go for a walk? Let's go for a walk to the music. We arrive “to the clearing”. Oh, where are we?
How did you guess? Right.
Grass, trees, flowers grow in the forest. These are not just flowers, but houses for butterflies.
Now, I will give each of you a cardboard butterfly toy. Music is playing. Children, let's “fly” with our butterflies. And now the butterflies are tired. Let's put butterflies in our houses. Be careful! Each butterfly must sit on its own house. They imprisoned me.
The game helps in game form learn or reinforce learned colors.
You can repeat this with leaves of different colors.

Lacing game

The game guide is aimed at developing fine motor skills of the hand, refinement of finger movements, concentration, and promotes the development of eye accuracy, coordination and sequence of actions.
It is a good way to prepare the hand for writing, trains perseverance, and often such a game calms the child.
In this game, the development of imagination is also not forgotten: “embroidering” conventional contours in association with real objects is the basis for the development of abstract thinking, generalizations of properties, “seeing the essence of an object.”
I develop manual dexterity
I play with lacing.
I train logic
And fine motor skills!

"Traffic Light", "Bear"

Target:
Encourage the child to engage in independent activities; form a color representation, develop the skill of screwing caps.
Develop fine motor skills, sensory skills, and coherent speech.
Enrich your vocabulary.
You can use the following exercises with corks - children untwist and twist corks from plastic bottles to their necks.
To fix the color, screw multi-colored corks to matching necks.

Match cups to saucers

Goals:
Teach children to distinguish colors and use color names in speech. Develop fine motor skills and attention.
Materials:
Set of cloth, saucers and cups in different colors.
Progress of the game:
The saucers were first brought to the store. The sellers put them on the shelves. They put these saucers on the top shelf (shows)
Which? (Children's answers).
On the bottom - like this. What color are they? (Children's answers). Are the saucers on the top shelf and the ones on the bottom the same color? (Children's answers).
Then the cups arrived. Let's help sellers choose the right cups for the saucers. They should be the same color as the saucers.
The teacher places flat cardboard cups on the table. He instructs the child to match the cups to the saucers.
Approves the actions of the child, who, after looking carefully at the saucers, selects all the necessary cups. He asks what color they are.

Beads

Target:
strengthening and development of fine motor skills, visual-motor coordination; distinguishing objects by shape, color and material; development of perseverance
Materials:
buttons of various sizes and colors; beads of different shapes, sizes, materials; wire, fishing line, thin thread.
Progress:
The presenter invites the child to make beads. You can suggest making beads according to the sample, and choosing buttons according to shape and color. Perhaps the child himself can offer his own version of making beads. After this, the child begins to create beads.

“Put the pieces in their places!”

Target:
Introduce flat geometric shapes - square, circle, triangle, oval, rectangle. Learn to select the right shapes using different methods.
Materials:
Flat geometric shapes (circles, squares, triangles). Montessori insert frame.
Progress:
Take the figures out of the recesses and play with them: “Here are funny colorful figures. It's a circle, it rolls - like that! And this is a square. It can be installed. And now the figures are jumping (dancing).” Then invite the children to place the figures “in their beds”: “Evening has come. It's time for the figures to rest. Let's put them to bed in their beds."
Give the children one figurine each and ask them to take turns finding a place for each of them. When the kids have laid out the figures, sum up the game: “Now all the figures have found their beds and are resting.” Then show and name all the figures again, without asking the children to repeat. This game can be repeated many times, changing its plot each time.

“Find a window for the figurine”

Target:
Teach children to correlate the shape of parts with the shape of the hole.
Progress:
The game is played with the participation of 3-4 children. The teacher lays out geometric shapes on the table and hands out cards with embossed figures to the children. The teacher suggests looking at the cards and circling the office windows with your fingers.
- Which figure is suitable for your window?
If the child chooses the wrong figure, give him the opportunity to make sure that it is not suitable and offer to choose the next one. When the child finds the right one, you should praise him, demonstrate to the other players that the window has closed, and invite him to open and close the window several times on his own. Then the next child selects a figure for his window.

Game "Magic bag"

Goal: To learn to determine the name of the smell of an object, to establish the relationship between the object and its smell; work on the ability to determine the name of an object, relying on the sense of smell, that is, the perception of smell.
Various objects with a certain smell are placed in a bag made from any opaque fabric. These should be items that always smell the same (for example, lemon, apple, orange, flowers with characteristic odor: geranium, lilac, rose; paint, fish, etc.). All these objects should be placed in separate boxes with holes to exclude the possibility of other (for example, tactile) perception of these objects. You can also blindfold each child and ask: “What is this?”, holding the scented soap in front of them, baby cream or a bottle of perfume. For the correct answer, rub your child’s hands with cream, perfume, or give him a flower that he correctly identified.

Game “Name the properties of materials”

Goal: To learn to determine the names of various properties of a material, to establish relationships between the material and its sensation.
Demonstration material for the game: samples of materials that feel different to the touch (smooth tiles, plastic, linoleum, velvet, terry cloth, fur, flannel) glued to cardboard.
Before playing, introduce children to different materials that feel different to the touch. To do this, you need to prepare a couple of samples of materials that clearly differ in feel. It can be smooth tiles, plastic, linoleum, velvet, terry cloth, fur, flannel. Glue the samples onto square sheets of cardboard. Let each child play with the squares and feel them. Talk with children about the different properties of materials: are they hard or soft, smooth or rough... When children remember their sensations arising from tactile perception various types surfaces, mix the squares and give each child one sample. Will they be able to find a match for this sample? Of course, children will be able to navigate not only with the help of tactile sensations, but also with the help of vision. But at the initial stage this will not hurt, as children will be able to gain confidence in their abilities.
Then you can complicate the task. Let the children try to pick “doubles” blindly. In this case, they will navigate based entirely on tactile perception. When giving this task, ask the children to name the properties of materials: hard, soft, smooth, rough.

“Lay out the ornament”

Goal: to teach the child to identify the spatial arrangement of geometric shapes, to reproduce exactly the same arrangement when laying out the ornament.
Material: 5 geometric shapes cut out of colored paper, 5 each (25 pieces in total), cards with ornaments.
“Look at the ornaments in front of us. Think and name the figures you see here. Now try to make the same ornament from the cut out geometric shapes.”
Then the next card is offered. The task remains the same. The game is over when the child has laid out all the ornaments shown on the card.

Game "Assemble a toy"

Goal: Work on the ability to differentiate various geometric shapes, relying on tactile and visual sensations, that is, develop tactile and visual perception.
For this game, you need to make a silhouette of some toy (a hare, a bear or a doll) from plywood, foam rubber or cardboard, cut out the eyes, nose, mouth so that these parts can then be put in place. The inserts can be painted in appropriate colors. Children must independently find a place for each of the cut out parts and insert them into the slots for the missing eyes, mouth and nose. Gradually add new geometric shapes that are more difficult to distinguish (you can, for example, cut out patterns on a doll’s dress or on the clothes of toy animals). Let the children insert the cut out pieces into the holes.

Game "Picture of Shapes"

This game requires sets of geometric shapes of different shapes (circles, triangles and squares) and two sizes (large and small) for each child: a total of 12 or 24 shapes (2 or 4 of each type). These figures can be made from cardboard or thin plastic. For the teacher, the same figures of a larger size are needed to secure them on the flannelgraph.
This game is aimed at developing imagination and creativity children. At the beginning of the game, the teacher shows the children on a flannelgraph what kind of drawings can be obtained if certain figures are placed next to each other. The teacher demonstrates to the children the method and procedure for constructing simple structures. After that, he invites the children to use their figures to create other drawings that they come up with themselves. The picture on the flannelgraph is removed so that children do not copy the finished image.

Game "Alternating flags"

Goal: To work on the ability to differentiate geometric figures of different shapes and sizes, relying on tactile and visual sensations, that is, to develop tactile and visual perception.
For this game you need to prepare 4 - 5 triangular and rectangular flags for each child and the same number of flags, pasted on the back side with velvet paper, to attach them to a flannelgraph for the teacher. Flags for children can be made from cardboard. The teacher says that on holidays the streets are decorated with flags, but they are not hung haphazardly, but in the form of a garland, where flags of different shapes alternate. For example, like this (an adult attaches flags to a flannelgraph so that rectangular flags alternate with triangular ones). The teacher asks you to tell him which flag needs to be attached now: rectangular or triangular, and now, etc. After the children have thoroughly mastered the order of alternating flags, the teacher invites the preschoolers to make the same garland themselves from the flags that are on their tables. While the children are working, the teacher approaches each child and, if necessary, helps him place the flags correctly.